Details
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 5944-5959 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | Marine drugs |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 12 |
Publication status | Published - 9 Dec 2014 |
Abstract
Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the transfer of dietary gT into salmon. To this end, fish were fed a diet supplemented with 170 ppm gT for 16 weeks whereby alpha tocopherol levels were adjusted to 190 ppm in this and the control diet. Feeding gT-rich diets resulted in a three-fold increase in gT concentrations in the liver and fillet compared to non-gT-supplemented controls. Tissue alpha tocopherol levels were not decreased indicating no antagonistic interaction between gamma- and alpha tocopherol in salmon. The concentration of total omega 3 fatty acids slightly increased in response to dietary gT. Furthermore, dietary gT significantly decreased malondialdehyde in the fillet, determined as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In the liver of gT fed salmon we observed an overall down-regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Additionally, gT improved the antioxidant capacity by up-regulating Gpx4a gene expression in the pyloric caeca. We suggest that Atlantic salmon may provide a marine functional source capable of enriching gT for human consumption.
Keywords
- Cardiovascular disease, Functional foods, Gamma tocopherol, Oily fish, Omega 3 fatty acids, Salmon ( salmo salar), Vitamin E
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)
- Drug Discovery
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Marine drugs, Vol. 12, No. 12, 09.12.2014, p. 5944-5959.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a marine functional source of gamma-tocopherol
AU - Menoyo, D.
AU - Sanz-Bayón, C.
AU - Nessa, A.H.
AU - Esatbeyoglu, T.
AU - Faizan, M.
AU - Pallauf, K.
AU - De Diego, N.
AU - Wagner, A.E.
AU - Ipharraguerre, I.
AU - Stubhaug, I.
AU - Rimbach, G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2014 by the authors licensee MDPI Basel Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/12/9
Y1 - 2014/12/9
N2 - Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the transfer of dietary gT into salmon. To this end, fish were fed a diet supplemented with 170 ppm gT for 16 weeks whereby alpha tocopherol levels were adjusted to 190 ppm in this and the control diet. Feeding gT-rich diets resulted in a three-fold increase in gT concentrations in the liver and fillet compared to non-gT-supplemented controls. Tissue alpha tocopherol levels were not decreased indicating no antagonistic interaction between gamma- and alpha tocopherol in salmon. The concentration of total omega 3 fatty acids slightly increased in response to dietary gT. Furthermore, dietary gT significantly decreased malondialdehyde in the fillet, determined as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In the liver of gT fed salmon we observed an overall down-regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Additionally, gT improved the antioxidant capacity by up-regulating Gpx4a gene expression in the pyloric caeca. We suggest that Atlantic salmon may provide a marine functional source capable of enriching gT for human consumption.
AB - Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the transfer of dietary gT into salmon. To this end, fish were fed a diet supplemented with 170 ppm gT for 16 weeks whereby alpha tocopherol levels were adjusted to 190 ppm in this and the control diet. Feeding gT-rich diets resulted in a three-fold increase in gT concentrations in the liver and fillet compared to non-gT-supplemented controls. Tissue alpha tocopherol levels were not decreased indicating no antagonistic interaction between gamma- and alpha tocopherol in salmon. The concentration of total omega 3 fatty acids slightly increased in response to dietary gT. Furthermore, dietary gT significantly decreased malondialdehyde in the fillet, determined as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In the liver of gT fed salmon we observed an overall down-regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Additionally, gT improved the antioxidant capacity by up-regulating Gpx4a gene expression in the pyloric caeca. We suggest that Atlantic salmon may provide a marine functional source capable of enriching gT for human consumption.
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Functional foods
KW - Gamma tocopherol
KW - Oily fish
KW - Omega 3 fatty acids
KW - Salmon ( salmo salar)
KW - Vitamin E
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84919897997&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/md12125944
DO - 10.3390/md12125944
M3 - Article
VL - 12
SP - 5944
EP - 5959
JO - Marine drugs
JF - Marine drugs
SN - 1660-3397
IS - 12
ER -