On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • David Grijalva Garces
  • Svenja Strauß
  • Sarah Gretzinger
  • Barbara Schmieg
  • Tomasz Jüngst
  • Jürgen Groll
  • Lorenz Meinel
  • Isabelle Schmidt
  • Hanna Hartmann
  • Katja Schenke-Layland
  • Nico Brandt
  • Michael Selzer
  • Peter Koltay
  • Alexander Southan
  • Günter E.M. Tovar
  • Sarah Schmidt
  • Achim Weber
  • Tilman Ahlfeld
  • Michael Gelinsky
  • Thomas Scheibel
  • Rainer Detsch
  • Aldo R. Boccaccini
  • Toufik Naolou
  • Cornelia Lee-Thedieck
  • Christian Willems
  • Thomas Groth
  • Stephan Allgeier
  • Bernd Köhler
  • Tiaan Friedrich
  • Heiko Briesen
  • Janine Buchholz
  • Dietrich Paulus
  • Anselm von Gladiss
  • Jürgen Hubbuch
  • Stefan Zimmermann

External Research Organisations

  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
  • Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg
  • University of Tübingen
  • University of Freiburg
  • University of Stuttgart
  • Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB)
  • Technische Universität Dresden
  • Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg)
  • Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
  • Technical University of Munich (TUM)
  • University of Koblenz-Landau
  • University of Bayreuth
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number015002
JournalBIOFABRICATION
Volume16
Issue number1
Publication statusPublished - 11 Oct 2023

Abstract

The outcome of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting heavily depends, amongst others, on the interaction between the developed bioink, the printing process, and the printing equipment. However, if this interplay is ensured, bioprinting promises unmatched possibilities in the health care area. To pave the way for comparing newly developed biomaterials, clinical studies, and medical applications (i.e. printed organs, patient-specific tissues), there is a great need for standardization of manufacturing methods in order to enable technology transfers. Despite the importance of such standardization, there is currently a tremendous lack of empirical data that examines the reproducibility and robustness of production in more than one location at a time. In this work, we present data derived from a round robin test for extrusion-based 3D printing performance comprising 12 different academic laboratories throughout Germany and analyze the respective prints using automated image analysis (IA) in three independent academic groups. The fabrication of objects from polymer solutions was standardized as much as currently possible to allow studying the comparability of results from different laboratories. This study has led to the conclusion that current standardization conditions still leave room for the intervention of operators due to missing automation of the equipment. This affects significantly the reproducibility and comparability of bioprinting experiments in multiple laboratories. Nevertheless, automated IA proved to be a suitable methodology for quality assurance as three independently developed workflows achieved similar results. Moreover, the extracted data describing geometric features showed how the function of printers affects the quality of the printed object. A significant step toward standardization of the process was made as an infrastructure for distribution of material and methods, as well as for data transfer and storage was successfully established.

Keywords

    3D printing, bioink, extrusion-based bioprinting, reproducibility, round robin, technology transfer

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field. / Grijalva Garces, David; Strauß, Svenja; Gretzinger, Sarah et al.
In: BIOFABRICATION, Vol. 16, No. 1, 015002, 11.10.2023.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Grijalva Garces, D, Strauß, S, Gretzinger, S, Schmieg, B, Jüngst, T, Groll, J, Meinel, L, Schmidt, I, Hartmann, H, Schenke-Layland, K, Brandt, N, Selzer, M, Koltay, P, Southan, A, Tovar, GEM, Schmidt, S, Weber, A, Ahlfeld, T, Gelinsky, M, Scheibel, T, Detsch, R, Boccaccini, AR, Naolou, T, Lee-Thedieck, C, Willems, C, Groth, T, Allgeier, S, Köhler, B, Friedrich, T, Briesen, H, Buchholz, J, Paulus, D, von Gladiss, A, Hubbuch, J & Zimmermann, S 2023, 'On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field', BIOFABRICATION, vol. 16, no. 1, 015002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/acfe3b
Grijalva Garces, D., Strauß, S., Gretzinger, S., Schmieg, B., Jüngst, T., Groll, J., Meinel, L., Schmidt, I., Hartmann, H., Schenke-Layland, K., Brandt, N., Selzer, M., Koltay, P., Southan, A., Tovar, G. E. M., Schmidt, S., Weber, A., Ahlfeld, T., Gelinsky, M., ... Zimmermann, S. (2023). On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field. BIOFABRICATION, 16(1), Article 015002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/acfe3b
Grijalva Garces D, Strauß S, Gretzinger S, Schmieg B, Jüngst T, Groll J et al. On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field. BIOFABRICATION. 2023 Oct 11;16(1):015002. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/acfe3b
Grijalva Garces, David ; Strauß, Svenja ; Gretzinger, Sarah et al. / On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting : round robin study on standardization in the field. In: BIOFABRICATION. 2023 ; Vol. 16, No. 1.
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title = "On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting: round robin study on standardization in the field",
abstract = "The outcome of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting heavily depends, amongst others, on the interaction between the developed bioink, the printing process, and the printing equipment. However, if this interplay is ensured, bioprinting promises unmatched possibilities in the health care area. To pave the way for comparing newly developed biomaterials, clinical studies, and medical applications (i.e. printed organs, patient-specific tissues), there is a great need for standardization of manufacturing methods in order to enable technology transfers. Despite the importance of such standardization, there is currently a tremendous lack of empirical data that examines the reproducibility and robustness of production in more than one location at a time. In this work, we present data derived from a round robin test for extrusion-based 3D printing performance comprising 12 different academic laboratories throughout Germany and analyze the respective prints using automated image analysis (IA) in three independent academic groups. The fabrication of objects from polymer solutions was standardized as much as currently possible to allow studying the comparability of results from different laboratories. This study has led to the conclusion that current standardization conditions still leave room for the intervention of operators due to missing automation of the equipment. This affects significantly the reproducibility and comparability of bioprinting experiments in multiple laboratories. Nevertheless, automated IA proved to be a suitable methodology for quality assurance as three independently developed workflows achieved similar results. Moreover, the extracted data describing geometric features showed how the function of printers affects the quality of the printed object. A significant step toward standardization of the process was made as an infrastructure for distribution of material and methods, as well as for data transfer and storage was successfully established.",
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T1 - On the reproducibility of extrusion-based bioprinting

T2 - round robin study on standardization in the field

AU - Grijalva Garces, David

AU - Strauß, Svenja

AU - Gretzinger, Sarah

AU - Schmieg, Barbara

AU - Jüngst, Tomasz

AU - Groll, Jürgen

AU - Meinel, Lorenz

AU - Schmidt, Isabelle

AU - Hartmann, Hanna

AU - Schenke-Layland, Katja

AU - Brandt, Nico

AU - Selzer, Michael

AU - Koltay, Peter

AU - Southan, Alexander

AU - Tovar, Günter E.M.

AU - Schmidt, Sarah

AU - Weber, Achim

AU - Ahlfeld, Tilman

AU - Gelinsky, Michael

AU - Scheibel, Thomas

AU - Detsch, Rainer

AU - Boccaccini, Aldo R.

AU - Naolou, Toufik

AU - Lee-Thedieck, Cornelia

AU - Willems, Christian

AU - Groth, Thomas

AU - Allgeier, Stephan

AU - Köhler, Bernd

AU - Friedrich, Tiaan

AU - Briesen, Heiko

AU - Buchholz, Janine

AU - Paulus, Dietrich

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AU - Hubbuch, Jürgen

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PY - 2023/10/11

Y1 - 2023/10/11

N2 - The outcome of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting heavily depends, amongst others, on the interaction between the developed bioink, the printing process, and the printing equipment. However, if this interplay is ensured, bioprinting promises unmatched possibilities in the health care area. To pave the way for comparing newly developed biomaterials, clinical studies, and medical applications (i.e. printed organs, patient-specific tissues), there is a great need for standardization of manufacturing methods in order to enable technology transfers. Despite the importance of such standardization, there is currently a tremendous lack of empirical data that examines the reproducibility and robustness of production in more than one location at a time. In this work, we present data derived from a round robin test for extrusion-based 3D printing performance comprising 12 different academic laboratories throughout Germany and analyze the respective prints using automated image analysis (IA) in three independent academic groups. The fabrication of objects from polymer solutions was standardized as much as currently possible to allow studying the comparability of results from different laboratories. This study has led to the conclusion that current standardization conditions still leave room for the intervention of operators due to missing automation of the equipment. This affects significantly the reproducibility and comparability of bioprinting experiments in multiple laboratories. Nevertheless, automated IA proved to be a suitable methodology for quality assurance as three independently developed workflows achieved similar results. Moreover, the extracted data describing geometric features showed how the function of printers affects the quality of the printed object. A significant step toward standardization of the process was made as an infrastructure for distribution of material and methods, as well as for data transfer and storage was successfully established.

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