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Identification and Characterization of Fiber Optic Imaging Bundle Structures in Endoscopic Fringe Projection Systems

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Original languageEnglish
Article number3305
JournalSensors
Volume25
Issue number11
Publication statusPublished - 24 May 2025

Abstract

Endoscopic fringe projection is used to perform inspections of hard-to-reach areas. In order to transfer fringe patterns from a projector to the specimens’ surface, fiber optic imaging bundles (FOIB) can be employed. To ensure maximum accessibility, a highly flexible FOIB is needed. Therefore, the number of individual fibers has to be minimized, which affects the quality of the fringe pattern. This paper presents methods and results for projecting a high frequency pattern despite a small number of fibers by adapting the FOIBs’ structure. First, the spatial structure of the FOIB is identified with regard to the projector pixels. By determining their center, it is possible to address individual fibers. It will be shown that the peak values of spots produced by individual fibers behave nonlinearly according to the modulated intensity. Furthermore, the intensity distribution within the spots changes. By recording the intensity curves, the presented algorithm is able to adapt the fringe pattern in orientation and intensity. This leads, especially for high frequency patterns, to an improved amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio.

Keywords

    endoscopic fringe projection, fiber optic imaging bundles, fringe pattern optimization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Identification and Characterization of Fiber Optic Imaging Bundle Structures in Endoscopic Fringe Projection Systems. / Drangmeister, Jannis; Kästner, Markus; Reithmeier, Eduard.
In: Sensors, Vol. 25, No. 11, 3305, 24.05.2025.

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abstract = "Endoscopic fringe projection is used to perform inspections of hard-to-reach areas. In order to transfer fringe patterns from a projector to the specimens{\textquoteright} surface, fiber optic imaging bundles (FOIB) can be employed. To ensure maximum accessibility, a highly flexible FOIB is needed. Therefore, the number of individual fibers has to be minimized, which affects the quality of the fringe pattern. This paper presents methods and results for projecting a high frequency pattern despite a small number of fibers by adapting the FOIBs{\textquoteright} structure. First, the spatial structure of the FOIB is identified with regard to the projector pixels. By determining their center, it is possible to address individual fibers. It will be shown that the peak values of spots produced by individual fibers behave nonlinearly according to the modulated intensity. Furthermore, the intensity distribution within the spots changes. By recording the intensity curves, the presented algorithm is able to adapt the fringe pattern in orientation and intensity. This leads, especially for high frequency patterns, to an improved amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio.",
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AU - Drangmeister, Jannis

AU - Kästner, Markus

AU - Reithmeier, Eduard

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors.

PY - 2025/5/24

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