TY - JOUR

T1 - Optimal Design of a Distributed Ship Power System with Solid Oxide Fuel Cells under the Consideration of Component Malfunctions

AU - Kistner, Lukas

AU - Bensmann, Astrid

AU - Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard

N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, funding code 03B10605H ) and the coordination of the “MultiSchIBZ” project by the National Organisation Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NOW GmbH). The results presented were achieved by computations carried out on the cluster system at the Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany. Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, funding code 03B10605H) and the coordination of the ?MultiSchIBZ? project by the National Organisation Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NOW GmbH). The results presented were achieved by computations carried out on the cluster system at the Leibniz Universit?t Hannover, Germany.

PY - 2022/6/15

Y1 - 2022/6/15

N2 - In the shipping industry, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a much-discussed technology due to their high energy efficiency, fuel versatility, and emissions reduction potential. In contrast to internal combustion engines, modular SOFC units allow for distributed system configurations without drastically reducing the overall efficiency. Decentralizing the power system with regard to the electrical consumers’ demands reduces both grid size and transmission losses, leading to a reduction of investment and operating costs. Additionally, a modular approach significantly benefits required redundancy aspects. A case study based on a cruise ship with nine fire zones is used to quantify the advantages of a distributed approach from an economic point of view. For this, a design optimization with variable installation location is conducted both with and without component failure considerations. Compared to a central configuration, annual transmission system costs in a distributed approach are reduced by 76% without and 55% with component failure consideration. However, the cost reduction potential proves to be small compared to other matters of expense. The modular system characteristic ensures that minor modifications suffice for component redundancy, resulting in an investment cost increase of less than 2% for both central and distributed configurations.

AB - In the shipping industry, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a much-discussed technology due to their high energy efficiency, fuel versatility, and emissions reduction potential. In contrast to internal combustion engines, modular SOFC units allow for distributed system configurations without drastically reducing the overall efficiency. Decentralizing the power system with regard to the electrical consumers’ demands reduces both grid size and transmission losses, leading to a reduction of investment and operating costs. Additionally, a modular approach significantly benefits required redundancy aspects. A case study based on a cruise ship with nine fire zones is used to quantify the advantages of a distributed approach from an economic point of view. For this, a design optimization with variable installation location is conducted both with and without component failure considerations. Compared to a central configuration, annual transmission system costs in a distributed approach are reduced by 76% without and 55% with component failure consideration. However, the cost reduction potential proves to be small compared to other matters of expense. The modular system characteristic ensures that minor modifications suffice for component redundancy, resulting in an investment cost increase of less than 2% for both central and distributed configurations.

KW - Component redundancy

KW - Distributed ship power system

KW - Energy system design optimization

KW - Modular power system

KW - Shipboard microgrid

KW - Solid oxide fuel cells

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128705583&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119052

DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119052

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85128705583

VL - 316

JO - Applied energy

JF - Applied energy

SN - 0306-2619

M1 - 119052

ER -