Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1323-1334 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Early online date | 8 Feb 2024 |
| Publication status | Published - 11 Mar 2024 |
Abstract
Polymers as biomaterials possess favorable properties, which include corrosion resistance, light weight, biocompatibility, ease of processing, low cost, and an ability to be easily tailored to meet specific applications. However, their inherent low X-ray attenuation, resulting from the low atomic numbers of their constituent elements, i.e., hydrogen (1), carbon (6), nitrogen (7), and oxygen (8), makes them difficult to visualize radiographically. Imparting radiopacity to radiolucent polymeric implants is necessary to enable noninvasive evaluation of implantable medical devices using conventional imaging methods. Numerous studies have undertaken this by blending various polymers with contrast agents consisting of heavy elements. The selection of an appropriate contrast agent is important, primarily to ensure that it does not cause detrimental effects to the relevant mechanical and physical properties of the polymer depending upon the intended application. Furthermore, its biocompatibility with adjacent tissues and its excretion from the body require thorough evaluation. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge on contrast agents incorporated into synthetic polymers in the context of implantable medical devices. While a single review was found that discussed radiopacity in polymeric biomaterials, the publication is outdated and does not address contemporary polymers employed in implant applications. Our review provides an up-to-date overview of contrast agents incorporated into synthetic medical polymers, encompassing both temporary and permanent implants. We expect that our results will significantly inform and guide the strategic selection of contrast agents, considering the specific requirements of implantable polymeric medical devices.
Keywords
- biocompatibility, contrast agent, implant, polymers, radiolucent, radiopacity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Biomaterials
- Engineering(all)
- Biomedical Engineering
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In: ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 3, 11.03.2024, p. 1323-1334.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Radiopacity Enhancements in Polymeric Implant Biomaterials
T2 - A Comprehensive Literature Review
AU - Emonde, Crystal Kayaro
AU - Eggers, Max Enno
AU - Wichmann, Marcel
AU - Hurschler, Christof
AU - Ettinger, Max
AU - Denkena, Berend
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – SFB/TRR-298-SIIRI – Project-ID 426335750.
PY - 2024/3/11
Y1 - 2024/3/11
N2 - Polymers as biomaterials possess favorable properties, which include corrosion resistance, light weight, biocompatibility, ease of processing, low cost, and an ability to be easily tailored to meet specific applications. However, their inherent low X-ray attenuation, resulting from the low atomic numbers of their constituent elements, i.e., hydrogen (1), carbon (6), nitrogen (7), and oxygen (8), makes them difficult to visualize radiographically. Imparting radiopacity to radiolucent polymeric implants is necessary to enable noninvasive evaluation of implantable medical devices using conventional imaging methods. Numerous studies have undertaken this by blending various polymers with contrast agents consisting of heavy elements. The selection of an appropriate contrast agent is important, primarily to ensure that it does not cause detrimental effects to the relevant mechanical and physical properties of the polymer depending upon the intended application. Furthermore, its biocompatibility with adjacent tissues and its excretion from the body require thorough evaluation. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge on contrast agents incorporated into synthetic polymers in the context of implantable medical devices. While a single review was found that discussed radiopacity in polymeric biomaterials, the publication is outdated and does not address contemporary polymers employed in implant applications. Our review provides an up-to-date overview of contrast agents incorporated into synthetic medical polymers, encompassing both temporary and permanent implants. We expect that our results will significantly inform and guide the strategic selection of contrast agents, considering the specific requirements of implantable polymeric medical devices.
AB - Polymers as biomaterials possess favorable properties, which include corrosion resistance, light weight, biocompatibility, ease of processing, low cost, and an ability to be easily tailored to meet specific applications. However, their inherent low X-ray attenuation, resulting from the low atomic numbers of their constituent elements, i.e., hydrogen (1), carbon (6), nitrogen (7), and oxygen (8), makes them difficult to visualize radiographically. Imparting radiopacity to radiolucent polymeric implants is necessary to enable noninvasive evaluation of implantable medical devices using conventional imaging methods. Numerous studies have undertaken this by blending various polymers with contrast agents consisting of heavy elements. The selection of an appropriate contrast agent is important, primarily to ensure that it does not cause detrimental effects to the relevant mechanical and physical properties of the polymer depending upon the intended application. Furthermore, its biocompatibility with adjacent tissues and its excretion from the body require thorough evaluation. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge on contrast agents incorporated into synthetic polymers in the context of implantable medical devices. While a single review was found that discussed radiopacity in polymeric biomaterials, the publication is outdated and does not address contemporary polymers employed in implant applications. Our review provides an up-to-date overview of contrast agents incorporated into synthetic medical polymers, encompassing both temporary and permanent implants. We expect that our results will significantly inform and guide the strategic selection of contrast agents, considering the specific requirements of implantable polymeric medical devices.
KW - biocompatibility
KW - contrast agent
KW - implant
KW - polymers
KW - radiolucent
KW - radiopacity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85185298920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01667
DO - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01667
M3 - Review article
C2 - 38330191
AN - SCOPUS:85185298920
VL - 10
SP - 1323
EP - 1334
JO - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
JF - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
SN - 2373-9878
IS - 3
ER -