Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect?

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • Xu Liu
  • Fuzhao Li
  • Manuel Hohgardt
  • Lars Frederik Klepzig
  • Marcel Maximilian Willich
  • Henrik Alexander Christ
  • Andreas Schaate
  • Peter Behrens
  • Jannika Lauth
  • Henning Menzel
  • Peter Jomo Walla

External Research Organisations

  • Technische Universität Braunschweig
  • Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
  • University of Tübingen
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number2300027
JournalMacromolecular Materials and Engineering
Volume308
Issue number9
Publication statusPublished - 15 Sept 2023

Abstract

Stable jet electrospinning (SJES) is a special form of optical fiber generation that prevents chaotic fiber whipping typical for conventional electrospinning procedures. Incorporation of highly emissive semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) in such fibers has very high potential in optical data transmission, optological circuits, fiber lasers, solar light concentrators and many other fields because NPLs exhibit strongly directed emission from their surface plane due to various in-plane transition dipole moments. However, potential orientation control of 2D-NPLs in SJES is entirely unknown as electric fields and various mechanical forces contribute in a complex manner simultaneously. Here, the observation of counter-intuitive yet very beneficial orientation of rectangular CdSe/CdS 2D-NLP in SJES perpendicular to the fiber drawing axis is reported. Scanning electron microscopy, 3D-single particle excitation polarization microscopy, 3D-photogoniometry, polarized emission spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrate aggregation free perpendicular alignment of the NPLs in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers, resulting in dominant emission in directions parallel to the fiber. It is suggested that the observed vertical alignment is due to normal forces resulting from viscoelastic expansion when the polymer solution leaves the cannula (Barus effect) and that using such perpendicular nano-emitter alignment forces allows for the generation of novel materials also beyond fibers.

Keywords

    fiber optics, light redirecting, nanoparticle alignment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect? / Liu, Xu; Li, Fuzhao; Hohgardt, Manuel et al.
In: Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Vol. 308, No. 9, 2300027, 15.09.2023.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Liu, X, Li, F, Hohgardt, M, Klepzig, LF, Willich, MM, Christ, HA, Schaate, A, Behrens, P, Lauth, J, Menzel, H & Walla, PJ 2023, 'Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect?', Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, vol. 308, no. 9, 2300027. https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202300027
Liu, X., Li, F., Hohgardt, M., Klepzig, L. F., Willich, M. M., Christ, H. A., Schaate, A., Behrens, P., Lauth, J., Menzel, H., & Walla, P. J. (2023). Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect? Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 308(9), Article 2300027. https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202300027
Liu X, Li F, Hohgardt M, Klepzig LF, Willich MM, Christ HA et al. Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect? Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 2023 Sept 15;308(9):2300027. doi: 10.1002/mame.202300027
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title = "Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers: A Result of the Barus Effect?",
abstract = "Stable jet electrospinning (SJES) is a special form of optical fiber generation that prevents chaotic fiber whipping typical for conventional electrospinning procedures. Incorporation of highly emissive semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) in such fibers has very high potential in optical data transmission, optological circuits, fiber lasers, solar light concentrators and many other fields because NPLs exhibit strongly directed emission from their surface plane due to various in-plane transition dipole moments. However, potential orientation control of 2D-NPLs in SJES is entirely unknown as electric fields and various mechanical forces contribute in a complex manner simultaneously. Here, the observation of counter-intuitive yet very beneficial orientation of rectangular CdSe/CdS 2D-NLP in SJES perpendicular to the fiber drawing axis is reported. Scanning electron microscopy, 3D-single particle excitation polarization microscopy, 3D-photogoniometry, polarized emission spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrate aggregation free perpendicular alignment of the NPLs in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers, resulting in dominant emission in directions parallel to the fiber. It is suggested that the observed vertical alignment is due to normal forces resulting from viscoelastic expansion when the polymer solution leaves the cannula (Barus effect) and that using such perpendicular nano-emitter alignment forces allows for the generation of novel materials also beyond fibers.",
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note = "Funding Information: X.L., F.L., and M.H. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Simone Schulz (Institute of Chemical and Thermal Process Engineering, Technische Universit{\"a}t Braunschweig) for taking SEM images and Stephanie Michel (Institute of Particle Technology, Technische Universit{\"a}t Braunschweig) for the AFM measurements. The authors thank Hartmut Sebesse (Communication and Media, Max‐Planck‐Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences) for graphical assistance with Figure 4 . The authors also thank the Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE) in Hannover for access to the TEM. This research was funded by the German research foundation (Grants INST 188/334‐1 FUGG) and under Germany's Excellence Strategy within the Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (EXC 2122, Project ID 390833453). ",
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Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - Perpendicular Alignment of 2D Nanoplatelet Emitters in Electrospun Fibers

T2 - A Result of the Barus Effect?

AU - Liu, Xu

AU - Li, Fuzhao

AU - Hohgardt, Manuel

AU - Klepzig, Lars Frederik

AU - Willich, Marcel Maximilian

AU - Christ, Henrik Alexander

AU - Schaate, Andreas

AU - Behrens, Peter

AU - Lauth, Jannika

AU - Menzel, Henning

AU - Walla, Peter Jomo

N1 - Funding Information: X.L., F.L., and M.H. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Simone Schulz (Institute of Chemical and Thermal Process Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig) for taking SEM images and Stephanie Michel (Institute of Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig) for the AFM measurements. The authors thank Hartmut Sebesse (Communication and Media, Max‐Planck‐Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences) for graphical assistance with Figure 4 . The authors also thank the Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE) in Hannover for access to the TEM. This research was funded by the German research foundation (Grants INST 188/334‐1 FUGG) and under Germany's Excellence Strategy within the Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (EXC 2122, Project ID 390833453).

PY - 2023/9/15

Y1 - 2023/9/15

N2 - Stable jet electrospinning (SJES) is a special form of optical fiber generation that prevents chaotic fiber whipping typical for conventional electrospinning procedures. Incorporation of highly emissive semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) in such fibers has very high potential in optical data transmission, optological circuits, fiber lasers, solar light concentrators and many other fields because NPLs exhibit strongly directed emission from their surface plane due to various in-plane transition dipole moments. However, potential orientation control of 2D-NPLs in SJES is entirely unknown as electric fields and various mechanical forces contribute in a complex manner simultaneously. Here, the observation of counter-intuitive yet very beneficial orientation of rectangular CdSe/CdS 2D-NLP in SJES perpendicular to the fiber drawing axis is reported. Scanning electron microscopy, 3D-single particle excitation polarization microscopy, 3D-photogoniometry, polarized emission spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrate aggregation free perpendicular alignment of the NPLs in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers, resulting in dominant emission in directions parallel to the fiber. It is suggested that the observed vertical alignment is due to normal forces resulting from viscoelastic expansion when the polymer solution leaves the cannula (Barus effect) and that using such perpendicular nano-emitter alignment forces allows for the generation of novel materials also beyond fibers.

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KW - fiber optics

KW - light redirecting

KW - nanoparticle alignment

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U2 - 10.1002/mame.202300027

DO - 10.1002/mame.202300027

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VL - 308

JO - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering

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