Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 89-99 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
| Volume | 156 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Mar 1998 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Differences of eruption regimes in silicic volcanoes, e.g. effusive versus explosive, have commonly been ascribed either to stratification of volatiles in the magma storage region or to gas loss through permeable conduit walls. Recent Plinian and Pelean eruptions of silicic andesite magmas from Mt. Pelée (P1: 650 yr B.P., 1902, 1929) show no systematic variations in bulk rock and phenocryst and glass compositions. Rare coexisting Fe-Ti oxide pairs in Pelean products yield T between 840 and 902°C, and ΔNNO between +0.4 and +0.8. Pre-eruptive melt H2O contents, calculated from plagioclase-melt equilibria, span values from 1.9 to 5.5 wt%. Glass inclusions from the P1 Plinian fallout have H2O contents between 4.2 and 7.1 wt%. In contrast, the Pelean inclusions have H2O contents commonly <3 wt%, due to post-entrapment modifications upon eruption. Phase equilibrium studies allow pre-eruptive conditions to be precisely determined and demonstrate that recent eruptions, either Plinian or Pelean, tapped magmas with melt H2O contents of 5.3-6.3 wt%, stored at 2 ±0.5 kbar, 875-900°C and ΔNNO = +0.4-0.8. Differences in eruptive style at Mt. Pelée are unrelated to systematic variations in pre-eruptive magmatic H2O concentrations, but may be caused by contrasting modes of degassing in the conduit.
Keywords
- Eruptions, Experimental studies, Magmas, Mount Pelée
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Geophysics
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Geochemistry and Petrology
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Space and Planetary Science
Cite this
- Standard
- Harvard
- Apa
- Vancouver
- BibTeX
- RIS
In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 156, No. 1-2, 15.03.1998, p. 89-99.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Magma storage conditions and control of eruption regime in silicic volcanoes
T2 - Experimental evidence from Mt. Pelée
AU - Martel, C.
AU - Pichavant, Michel
AU - Bourdier, Jean L.
AU - Traineau, H.
AU - Holtz, Francois
AU - Scaillet, Bruno
N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1998/3/15
Y1 - 1998/3/15
N2 - Differences of eruption regimes in silicic volcanoes, e.g. effusive versus explosive, have commonly been ascribed either to stratification of volatiles in the magma storage region or to gas loss through permeable conduit walls. Recent Plinian and Pelean eruptions of silicic andesite magmas from Mt. Pelée (P1: 650 yr B.P., 1902, 1929) show no systematic variations in bulk rock and phenocryst and glass compositions. Rare coexisting Fe-Ti oxide pairs in Pelean products yield T between 840 and 902°C, and ΔNNO between +0.4 and +0.8. Pre-eruptive melt H2O contents, calculated from plagioclase-melt equilibria, span values from 1.9 to 5.5 wt%. Glass inclusions from the P1 Plinian fallout have H2O contents between 4.2 and 7.1 wt%. In contrast, the Pelean inclusions have H2O contents commonly <3 wt%, due to post-entrapment modifications upon eruption. Phase equilibrium studies allow pre-eruptive conditions to be precisely determined and demonstrate that recent eruptions, either Plinian or Pelean, tapped magmas with melt H2O contents of 5.3-6.3 wt%, stored at 2 ±0.5 kbar, 875-900°C and ΔNNO = +0.4-0.8. Differences in eruptive style at Mt. Pelée are unrelated to systematic variations in pre-eruptive magmatic H2O concentrations, but may be caused by contrasting modes of degassing in the conduit.
AB - Differences of eruption regimes in silicic volcanoes, e.g. effusive versus explosive, have commonly been ascribed either to stratification of volatiles in the magma storage region or to gas loss through permeable conduit walls. Recent Plinian and Pelean eruptions of silicic andesite magmas from Mt. Pelée (P1: 650 yr B.P., 1902, 1929) show no systematic variations in bulk rock and phenocryst and glass compositions. Rare coexisting Fe-Ti oxide pairs in Pelean products yield T between 840 and 902°C, and ΔNNO between +0.4 and +0.8. Pre-eruptive melt H2O contents, calculated from plagioclase-melt equilibria, span values from 1.9 to 5.5 wt%. Glass inclusions from the P1 Plinian fallout have H2O contents between 4.2 and 7.1 wt%. In contrast, the Pelean inclusions have H2O contents commonly <3 wt%, due to post-entrapment modifications upon eruption. Phase equilibrium studies allow pre-eruptive conditions to be precisely determined and demonstrate that recent eruptions, either Plinian or Pelean, tapped magmas with melt H2O contents of 5.3-6.3 wt%, stored at 2 ±0.5 kbar, 875-900°C and ΔNNO = +0.4-0.8. Differences in eruptive style at Mt. Pelée are unrelated to systematic variations in pre-eruptive magmatic H2O concentrations, but may be caused by contrasting modes of degassing in the conduit.
KW - Eruptions
KW - Experimental studies
KW - Magmas
KW - Mount Pelée
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031819089&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/s0012-821x(98)00003-x
DO - 10.1016/s0012-821x(98)00003-x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0031819089
VL - 156
SP - 89
EP - 99
JO - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
SN - 0012-821X
IS - 1-2
ER -