Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • Caroline Heineke
  • Ralf Hetzel
  • Nils Peter Nilius
  • H. Zwingmann
  • Andrew Todd
  • Andreas Mulch
  • Andreas Wölfler
  • Christoph Glotzbach
  • Cüneyt Akal
  • István Dunkl
  • Mark Raven
  • Andrea Hampel

Research Organisations

External Research Organisations

  • University of Münster
  • Kyoto University
  • CSIRO Energy
  • LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre
  • Goethe University Frankfurt
  • University of Tübingen
  • Dokuz Eylul University
  • University of Göttingen
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number103865
JournalJournal of structural geology
Volume127
Early online date21 Jul 2019
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2019

Abstract

The central Menderes Massif in western Turkey is a bivergent metamorphic core complex characterised by two detachment faults that operated with opposite sense of shear. Here, we present K–Ar ages and hydrogen isotope data for fault gouge as well as fission track and (U–Th)/He ages for apatite and zircon from bedrock samples to constrain the timing of detachment faulting. Comparison of the K–Ar ages and low-temperature thermochronologic ages indicates brittle faulting at temperatures between ~240 and ~70 °C. At the western termination of the Gediz detachment, K–Ar ages between ~12 and ~5 Ma suggest rather continuous faulting since the mid-Miocene; a Pliocene phase of rapid slip is mainly recorded in the eastern part of this detachment. In contrast, K–Ar ages from the Büyük Menderes detachment cluster at 22–16 and 9–3 Ma and provide evidence for two phases of faulting, which is in accordance with new and published low-temperature thermochronologic data. Hydrogen isotope ratios of −76 to −115‰ indicate infiltration of meteoric water during detachment faulting and gouge formation. The youngest K–Ar ages and cooling histories for hanging and footwall rocks imply that the activity of both detachments ended ~3 Ma ago when the currently active grabens were established.

Keywords

    Detachment faulting, Fault gouge, Hydrogen isotopes, K–Ar dating, Menderes massif, Thermochronology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
  • Geology

Cite this

Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology. / Heineke, Caroline; Hetzel, Ralf; Nilius, Nils Peter et al.
In: Journal of structural geology, Vol. 127, 103865, 10.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Heineke, C., Hetzel, R., Nilius, N. P., Zwingmann, H., Todd, A., Mulch, A., Wölfler, A., Glotzbach, C., Akal, C., Dunkl, I., Raven, M., & Hampel, A. (2019). Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology. Journal of structural geology, 127, Article 103865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103865
Heineke C, Hetzel R, Nilius NP, Zwingmann H, Todd A, Mulch A et al. Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology. Journal of structural geology. 2019 Oct;127:103865. Epub 2019 Jul 21. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103865
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title = "Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology",
abstract = "The central Menderes Massif in western Turkey is a bivergent metamorphic core complex characterised by two detachment faults that operated with opposite sense of shear. Here, we present K–Ar ages and hydrogen isotope data for fault gouge as well as fission track and (U–Th)/He ages for apatite and zircon from bedrock samples to constrain the timing of detachment faulting. Comparison of the K–Ar ages and low-temperature thermochronologic ages indicates brittle faulting at temperatures between ~240 and ~70 °C. At the western termination of the Gediz detachment, K–Ar ages between ~12 and ~5 Ma suggest rather continuous faulting since the mid-Miocene; a Pliocene phase of rapid slip is mainly recorded in the eastern part of this detachment. In contrast, K–Ar ages from the B{\"u}y{\"u}k Menderes detachment cluster at 22–16 and 9–3 Ma and provide evidence for two phases of faulting, which is in accordance with new and published low-temperature thermochronologic data. Hydrogen isotope ratios of −76 to −115‰ indicate infiltration of meteoric water during detachment faulting and gouge formation. The youngest K–Ar ages and cooling histories for hanging and footwall rocks imply that the activity of both detachments ended ~3 Ma ago when the currently active grabens were established.",
keywords = "Detachment faulting, Fault gouge, Hydrogen isotopes, K–Ar dating, Menderes massif, Thermochronology",
author = "Caroline Heineke and Ralf Hetzel and Nilius, {Nils Peter} and H. Zwingmann and Andrew Todd and Andreas Mulch and Andreas W{\"o}lfler and Christoph Glotzbach and C{\"u}neyt Akal and Istv{\'a}n Dunkl and Mark Raven and Andrea Hampel",
note = "Funding information: This study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ( DFG ) grants HE 1704/18–1 and GL 724/7–1 provided to R. Hetzel and C. Glotzbach, and by the Leibniz Universit{\"a}t Hannover (start-up funds to A. Hampel). We thank Cris Lana and Espen Torgersen for their insightful reviews, which significantly improved the original version of the manuscript.",
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Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detachment faulting in a bivergent core complex constrained by fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology

AU - Heineke, Caroline

AU - Hetzel, Ralf

AU - Nilius, Nils Peter

AU - Zwingmann, H.

AU - Todd, Andrew

AU - Mulch, Andreas

AU - Wölfler, Andreas

AU - Glotzbach, Christoph

AU - Akal, Cüneyt

AU - Dunkl, István

AU - Raven, Mark

AU - Hampel, Andrea

N1 - Funding information: This study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ( DFG ) grants HE 1704/18–1 and GL 724/7–1 provided to R. Hetzel and C. Glotzbach, and by the Leibniz Universität Hannover (start-up funds to A. Hampel). We thank Cris Lana and Espen Torgersen for their insightful reviews, which significantly improved the original version of the manuscript.

PY - 2019/10

Y1 - 2019/10

N2 - The central Menderes Massif in western Turkey is a bivergent metamorphic core complex characterised by two detachment faults that operated with opposite sense of shear. Here, we present K–Ar ages and hydrogen isotope data for fault gouge as well as fission track and (U–Th)/He ages for apatite and zircon from bedrock samples to constrain the timing of detachment faulting. Comparison of the K–Ar ages and low-temperature thermochronologic ages indicates brittle faulting at temperatures between ~240 and ~70 °C. At the western termination of the Gediz detachment, K–Ar ages between ~12 and ~5 Ma suggest rather continuous faulting since the mid-Miocene; a Pliocene phase of rapid slip is mainly recorded in the eastern part of this detachment. In contrast, K–Ar ages from the Büyük Menderes detachment cluster at 22–16 and 9–3 Ma and provide evidence for two phases of faulting, which is in accordance with new and published low-temperature thermochronologic data. Hydrogen isotope ratios of −76 to −115‰ indicate infiltration of meteoric water during detachment faulting and gouge formation. The youngest K–Ar ages and cooling histories for hanging and footwall rocks imply that the activity of both detachments ended ~3 Ma ago when the currently active grabens were established.

AB - The central Menderes Massif in western Turkey is a bivergent metamorphic core complex characterised by two detachment faults that operated with opposite sense of shear. Here, we present K–Ar ages and hydrogen isotope data for fault gouge as well as fission track and (U–Th)/He ages for apatite and zircon from bedrock samples to constrain the timing of detachment faulting. Comparison of the K–Ar ages and low-temperature thermochronologic ages indicates brittle faulting at temperatures between ~240 and ~70 °C. At the western termination of the Gediz detachment, K–Ar ages between ~12 and ~5 Ma suggest rather continuous faulting since the mid-Miocene; a Pliocene phase of rapid slip is mainly recorded in the eastern part of this detachment. In contrast, K–Ar ages from the Büyük Menderes detachment cluster at 22–16 and 9–3 Ma and provide evidence for two phases of faulting, which is in accordance with new and published low-temperature thermochronologic data. Hydrogen isotope ratios of −76 to −115‰ indicate infiltration of meteoric water during detachment faulting and gouge formation. The youngest K–Ar ages and cooling histories for hanging and footwall rocks imply that the activity of both detachments ended ~3 Ma ago when the currently active grabens were established.

KW - Detachment faulting

KW - Fault gouge

KW - Hydrogen isotopes

KW - K–Ar dating

KW - Menderes massif

KW - Thermochronology

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DO - 10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103865

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85069655670

VL - 127

JO - Journal of structural geology

JF - Journal of structural geology

SN - 0191-8141

M1 - 103865

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