Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 100845 |
| Journal | Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives |
| Volume | 20 |
| Early online date | 29 May 2023 |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2023 |
Abstract
Bottleneck roads with narrowed width often only allow one vehicle to pass at once. In this situation, human drivers need to negotiate their right-of-way via, e.g., hand gestures and eye contact. However, when a human-driven vehicle (MV) confronts a driver-less automated vehicle (AV), explicit communication between drivers is no longer possible. External human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs may facilitate communication in unobscured situations, but MV-drivers can fail to perceive the eHMI information on the AV with other vehicles in front of the AV, blocking the MV's view. Even if the visibility is not impaired, AV broadcast communications do not target on specific receivers, it is not unlikely that other vehicles may wrongly perceive this information. Instead, an internal human–machine interface (iHMI) can uni-cast the AV intention to MVs since the information on iHMIs is direct to MV-drivers and visible in visibility-blocked situations. However, iHMIs require vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology, and the conveyed information might not be highly trusted as the information is transmitted to MVs rather than being seen directly from AVs. Therefore, this paper proposes a synchronous iHMI+eHMI method for a more unambiguous communication in this multi-vehicle bottleneck road situation. The designed iHMI+eHMI is compared with the baseline i. e., without HMI, iHMI, and eHMI in a video-based driving simulation by subjective evaluations from structured questionnaires. The results (N=24) indicate that HMIs (iHMI, eHMI, and iHMI+eHMI) are more helpful than vehicles without any HMI for the AV-MV communication, and iHMI+eHMI achieves the best performance when the views of MV-drivers are obscured.
Keywords
- Automated vehicle, Bottleneck road, External human–machine interface (eHMI), Human-AV communication, Internal human–machine interface (iHMI), Traffic psychology
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Social Sciences(all)
- Geography, Planning and Development
- Engineering(all)
- Automotive Engineering
- Social Sciences(all)
- Transportation
- Environmental Science(all)
- General Environmental Science
- Social Sciences(all)
- Urban Studies
- Decision Sciences(all)
- Management Science and Operations Research
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Vol. 20, 100845, 07.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - An AV-MV negotiation method based on synchronous prompt information on a multi-vehicle bottleneck road
AU - Li, Yang
AU - Cheng, Hao
AU - Zeng, Zhe
AU - Deml, Barbara
AU - Liu, Hailong
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 20K19846 , Japan; and Remote Collaboration Program of Karlsruhe House of Young Scientist (KHYS), Germany . Yang Li is supported by China Scholarship Council (CSC) (No. 201906260302 ) at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. Hao Cheng is funded by MSCA European Postdoctoral Fellowships under the 101062870 - VeVuSafety project.
PY - 2023/7
Y1 - 2023/7
N2 - Bottleneck roads with narrowed width often only allow one vehicle to pass at once. In this situation, human drivers need to negotiate their right-of-way via, e.g., hand gestures and eye contact. However, when a human-driven vehicle (MV) confronts a driver-less automated vehicle (AV), explicit communication between drivers is no longer possible. External human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs may facilitate communication in unobscured situations, but MV-drivers can fail to perceive the eHMI information on the AV with other vehicles in front of the AV, blocking the MV's view. Even if the visibility is not impaired, AV broadcast communications do not target on specific receivers, it is not unlikely that other vehicles may wrongly perceive this information. Instead, an internal human–machine interface (iHMI) can uni-cast the AV intention to MVs since the information on iHMIs is direct to MV-drivers and visible in visibility-blocked situations. However, iHMIs require vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology, and the conveyed information might not be highly trusted as the information is transmitted to MVs rather than being seen directly from AVs. Therefore, this paper proposes a synchronous iHMI+eHMI method for a more unambiguous communication in this multi-vehicle bottleneck road situation. The designed iHMI+eHMI is compared with the baseline i. e., without HMI, iHMI, and eHMI in a video-based driving simulation by subjective evaluations from structured questionnaires. The results (N=24) indicate that HMIs (iHMI, eHMI, and iHMI+eHMI) are more helpful than vehicles without any HMI for the AV-MV communication, and iHMI+eHMI achieves the best performance when the views of MV-drivers are obscured.
AB - Bottleneck roads with narrowed width often only allow one vehicle to pass at once. In this situation, human drivers need to negotiate their right-of-way via, e.g., hand gestures and eye contact. However, when a human-driven vehicle (MV) confronts a driver-less automated vehicle (AV), explicit communication between drivers is no longer possible. External human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs may facilitate communication in unobscured situations, but MV-drivers can fail to perceive the eHMI information on the AV with other vehicles in front of the AV, blocking the MV's view. Even if the visibility is not impaired, AV broadcast communications do not target on specific receivers, it is not unlikely that other vehicles may wrongly perceive this information. Instead, an internal human–machine interface (iHMI) can uni-cast the AV intention to MVs since the information on iHMIs is direct to MV-drivers and visible in visibility-blocked situations. However, iHMIs require vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology, and the conveyed information might not be highly trusted as the information is transmitted to MVs rather than being seen directly from AVs. Therefore, this paper proposes a synchronous iHMI+eHMI method for a more unambiguous communication in this multi-vehicle bottleneck road situation. The designed iHMI+eHMI is compared with the baseline i. e., without HMI, iHMI, and eHMI in a video-based driving simulation by subjective evaluations from structured questionnaires. The results (N=24) indicate that HMIs (iHMI, eHMI, and iHMI+eHMI) are more helpful than vehicles without any HMI for the AV-MV communication, and iHMI+eHMI achieves the best performance when the views of MV-drivers are obscured.
KW - Automated vehicle
KW - Bottleneck road
KW - External human–machine interface (eHMI)
KW - Human-AV communication
KW - Internal human–machine interface (iHMI)
KW - Traffic psychology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160543636&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.trip.2023.100845
DO - 10.1016/j.trip.2023.100845
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85160543636
VL - 20
JO - Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
JF - Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
M1 - 100845
ER -