Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 122930 |
| Journal | Journal of molecular liquids |
| Volume | 389 |
| Early online date | 25 Aug 2023 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Nov 2023 |
Abstract
The speed of sound of four different nanofluids consisting of Ag or Al2O3 nanoparticles and water or ethylene glycol base fluid is measured in the temperature range (298.15–343.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. One aim of this analysis is to learn whether the change from pure base fluid speed of sound to the nanofluid situation is a smooth or disruptive transition when adding nanoparticles. The measurements were conducted on the newly proposed apparatus consisting mainly of function generator, ultrasonic sensor, switch, voltage source, oscilloscope, ultrasonic container and the necessary sensors and equipment for data acquisition. The values for speed of sound were calculated based on the Time of Flight method. Deionised water and ethanol were used to calibrate the apparatus which is additionally tested with pure base fluids water and ethylene glycol and showed excellent agreement with average absolute percentage deviations between experimental and literature data for speed of sound of 0.12% and 0.36%, respectively,. Beside the temperature influence, the influence of the nanoparticle concentration on the speed of sound of nanofluid were investigated and followed. The analysis of the sound velocity allows insight into the molecular level interactions taking place between the nanoparticles and the base fluid molecules of the nanofluid. The decrease in velocity values with the increase of concentration, noticeable in the tested nanofluids, is a result of decrease in nanoparticle-fluid interaction and dominance of particle–particle interaction.
Keywords
- Concentration, Molecular interactions, Nanofluid, Ultrasonic velocity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Chemistry(all)
- Spectroscopy
- Chemistry(all)
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Materials Science(all)
- Materials Chemistry
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In: Journal of molecular liquids, Vol. 389, 122930, 01.11.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A new setup for speed of sound measurements and experimental data for nanofluids Al2O3 or Ag with water or ethylene glycol
AU - Majstorović, Divna M.
AU - Quindel, Patrick
AU - Živković, Emila M.
AU - Kabelac, Stephan
N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the support received from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) , Institute of Thermodynamics Leibniz University Hannover and the Ministry of Science , Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (Contract No. 451-03-47 / 2023-01 / 200135 ).
PY - 2023/11/1
Y1 - 2023/11/1
N2 - The speed of sound of four different nanofluids consisting of Ag or Al2O3 nanoparticles and water or ethylene glycol base fluid is measured in the temperature range (298.15–343.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. One aim of this analysis is to learn whether the change from pure base fluid speed of sound to the nanofluid situation is a smooth or disruptive transition when adding nanoparticles. The measurements were conducted on the newly proposed apparatus consisting mainly of function generator, ultrasonic sensor, switch, voltage source, oscilloscope, ultrasonic container and the necessary sensors and equipment for data acquisition. The values for speed of sound were calculated based on the Time of Flight method. Deionised water and ethanol were used to calibrate the apparatus which is additionally tested with pure base fluids water and ethylene glycol and showed excellent agreement with average absolute percentage deviations between experimental and literature data for speed of sound of 0.12% and 0.36%, respectively,. Beside the temperature influence, the influence of the nanoparticle concentration on the speed of sound of nanofluid were investigated and followed. The analysis of the sound velocity allows insight into the molecular level interactions taking place between the nanoparticles and the base fluid molecules of the nanofluid. The decrease in velocity values with the increase of concentration, noticeable in the tested nanofluids, is a result of decrease in nanoparticle-fluid interaction and dominance of particle–particle interaction.
AB - The speed of sound of four different nanofluids consisting of Ag or Al2O3 nanoparticles and water or ethylene glycol base fluid is measured in the temperature range (298.15–343.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. One aim of this analysis is to learn whether the change from pure base fluid speed of sound to the nanofluid situation is a smooth or disruptive transition when adding nanoparticles. The measurements were conducted on the newly proposed apparatus consisting mainly of function generator, ultrasonic sensor, switch, voltage source, oscilloscope, ultrasonic container and the necessary sensors and equipment for data acquisition. The values for speed of sound were calculated based on the Time of Flight method. Deionised water and ethanol were used to calibrate the apparatus which is additionally tested with pure base fluids water and ethylene glycol and showed excellent agreement with average absolute percentage deviations between experimental and literature data for speed of sound of 0.12% and 0.36%, respectively,. Beside the temperature influence, the influence of the nanoparticle concentration on the speed of sound of nanofluid were investigated and followed. The analysis of the sound velocity allows insight into the molecular level interactions taking place between the nanoparticles and the base fluid molecules of the nanofluid. The decrease in velocity values with the increase of concentration, noticeable in the tested nanofluids, is a result of decrease in nanoparticle-fluid interaction and dominance of particle–particle interaction.
KW - Concentration
KW - Molecular interactions
KW - Nanofluid
KW - Ultrasonic velocity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170217092&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.122930
DO - 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.122930
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170217092
VL - 389
JO - Journal of molecular liquids
JF - Journal of molecular liquids
SN - 0167-7322
M1 - 122930
ER -