TY - JOUR

T1 - Investigation of heat source modeling for selective laser melting

AU - Wessels, H.

AU - Bode, T.

AU - Weißenfels, C.

AU - Wriggers, P.

AU - Zohdi, T. I.

N1 - Funding information: This work was supported by the compute cluster, which is funded by the Leibniz Universität Hannover, the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture (MWK) and the German Research Association (DFG). Henning Wessels acknowledges the generous support of the Fulbright association for an internship in the group of Prof. Tarek I. Zohdi at the University of California, Berkeley. This work was supported by the compute cluster, which is funded by the Leibniz Universit?t Hannover, the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture (MWK) and the German Research Association (DFG). Henning Wessels acknowledges the generous support of the Fulbright association for an internship in the group of Prof. Tarek I. Zohdi at the University of California, Berkeley.

PY - 2019/5/15

Y1 - 2019/5/15

N2 - Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an emerging Additive Manufacturing technology for metals. Complex three dimensional parts can be generated from a powder bed by locally melting the desired portions layer by layer. The necessary heat is provided by a laser. The laser–matter interaction is a crucial physical phenomenon in the SLM process. Various modeling approaches with different degrees of complexity exist in the literature to represent the laser–matter interaction within a numerical framework. Often, the laser energy is simply distributed into a specified volume. A more precise approach is ray tracing. The laser beam can be divided into moving discrete energy portions (rays) that are traced in space and time. In order to compute the reflection and absorption usually a triangulation of the free surface is conducted. Within meshfree methods, this is a very expensive operation. In this work, a computationally efficient algorithm is developed which avoids triangulation and can easily be combined with meshfree methods. Here, the suggested ray tracing algorithm is exemplary coupled with the stabilized Optimal Transportation Meshfree Method. The importance of ray tracing is evaluated by simulating the fusion of metal powder particles. A comparison of the results with a volumetric heat source approach shows that ray tracing significantly improves the accuracy of absorption and vaporization.

AB - Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an emerging Additive Manufacturing technology for metals. Complex three dimensional parts can be generated from a powder bed by locally melting the desired portions layer by layer. The necessary heat is provided by a laser. The laser–matter interaction is a crucial physical phenomenon in the SLM process. Various modeling approaches with different degrees of complexity exist in the literature to represent the laser–matter interaction within a numerical framework. Often, the laser energy is simply distributed into a specified volume. A more precise approach is ray tracing. The laser beam can be divided into moving discrete energy portions (rays) that are traced in space and time. In order to compute the reflection and absorption usually a triangulation of the free surface is conducted. Within meshfree methods, this is a very expensive operation. In this work, a computationally efficient algorithm is developed which avoids triangulation and can easily be combined with meshfree methods. Here, the suggested ray tracing algorithm is exemplary coupled with the stabilized Optimal Transportation Meshfree Method. The importance of ray tracing is evaluated by simulating the fusion of metal powder particles. A comparison of the results with a volumetric heat source approach shows that ray tracing significantly improves the accuracy of absorption and vaporization.

KW - Additive manufacturing

KW - Optimal Transportation Meshfree method

KW - Ray tracing

KW - Selective laser melting

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053924111&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00466-018-1631-4

DO - 10.1007/s00466-018-1631-4

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85053924111

VL - 63

SP - 949

EP - 970

JO - Computational mechanics

JF - Computational mechanics

SN - 0178-7675

IS - 5

ER -