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Control of Hydroxyapatite Mineralization in an Orthogonal Diffusion System

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungPeer-Review

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  • Korea National University of Education (KNUE)

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OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)2960-2969
Seitenumfang10
FachzeitschriftCrystal Growth and Design
Jahrgang25
Ausgabenummer9
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 7 Mai 2025

Abstract

Mineralization of hydroxyapatite has been under intense investigation to obtain a better understanding of the formation of vertebrate bones and teeth. Indeed, the precise mechanism underlying the in vitro chemical synthesis of hydroxyapatite in neutral or acidic solutions remains poorly understood. Here, we report the precipitation of hydroxyapatite under physiological conditions, introducing a hydrogel-based diffusion method. In this system, the fluxes of calcium and hydroxyl ions occur perpendicular to the agarose hydrogel containing hydrogen phosphate ions. This results in a 2-dimensional variation of the concentrations of the constituent ions in the hydrogel. Notably, flake-like hydroxyapatite is only observed in cases where the supply of ions is balanced at slightly acidic pH. Hydroxyapatite can be formed via two pathways depending on the local pH at an early stage of mineralization, that is, via an acidic or basic route. In the former route, the mineralization of hydroxyapatite starts with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate over transient amorphous calcium phosphate. Growth of hydroxyapatite crystals on the surface of amorphous calcium phosphate is also possible when accompanied by an additional calcium ion supply in the basic route. Our observations provide novel insights into the potential roles of ion supply in hydroxyapatite biomineralization, strongly suggesting that acidic and basic amorphous calcium phosphate occur on separate crystallization pathways.

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Control of Hydroxyapatite Mineralization in an Orthogonal Diffusion System. / Cho, Young Shin; Heo, Chae Mi; Gebauer, Denis et al.
in: Crystal Growth and Design, Jahrgang 25, Nr. 9, 07.05.2025, S. 2960-2969.

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungPeer-Review

Cho YS, Heo CM, Gebauer D, Yang SH. Control of Hydroxyapatite Mineralization in an Orthogonal Diffusion System. Crystal Growth and Design. 2025 Mai 7;25(9):2960-2969. doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00020
Cho, Young Shin ; Heo, Chae Mi ; Gebauer, Denis et al. / Control of Hydroxyapatite Mineralization in an Orthogonal Diffusion System. in: Crystal Growth and Design. 2025 ; Jahrgang 25, Nr. 9. S. 2960-2969.
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AU - Cho, Young Shin

AU - Heo, Chae Mi

AU - Gebauer, Denis

AU - Yang, Sung Ho

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 American Chemical Society.

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N2 - Mineralization of hydroxyapatite has been under intense investigation to obtain a better understanding of the formation of vertebrate bones and teeth. Indeed, the precise mechanism underlying the in vitro chemical synthesis of hydroxyapatite in neutral or acidic solutions remains poorly understood. Here, we report the precipitation of hydroxyapatite under physiological conditions, introducing a hydrogel-based diffusion method. In this system, the fluxes of calcium and hydroxyl ions occur perpendicular to the agarose hydrogel containing hydrogen phosphate ions. This results in a 2-dimensional variation of the concentrations of the constituent ions in the hydrogel. Notably, flake-like hydroxyapatite is only observed in cases where the supply of ions is balanced at slightly acidic pH. Hydroxyapatite can be formed via two pathways depending on the local pH at an early stage of mineralization, that is, via an acidic or basic route. In the former route, the mineralization of hydroxyapatite starts with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate over transient amorphous calcium phosphate. Growth of hydroxyapatite crystals on the surface of amorphous calcium phosphate is also possible when accompanied by an additional calcium ion supply in the basic route. Our observations provide novel insights into the potential roles of ion supply in hydroxyapatite biomineralization, strongly suggesting that acidic and basic amorphous calcium phosphate occur on separate crystallization pathways.

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