What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition

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  • Society for Applied Vitamin Research e.V. (GVF)
  • University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)
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Original languageEnglish
Article number3890
JournalNUTRIENTS
Volume17
Issue number24
Publication statusPublished - 12 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background: The concept of vitamins has evolved over the past century from compounds preventing classical deficiency diseases to nutrients recognized for supporting long-term health. Despite their central role in science and public health, existing definitions often fail to clearly characterize and distinguish vitamins from other bioactive compounds and do not capture the complexity of their nutritional requirements. Method: This article reviews the historical origins and current definitions of vitamins. Results: We identify the limitations of existing definitions and present a contemporary, physiologically informed definition as a discussion proposal. Our proposal no longer relies solely on the prevention of classical hypo- or avitaminoses. Conclusions: By incorporating the concept of conditional essentiality, this framework also tries to clarify the distinction between classical vitamins and other bioactive substances, reflecting variable dietary requirements under different conditions.

Keywords

    conditional essentiality, contemporary definition, vitamins

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Sustainable Development Goals

Cite this

What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition. / Hahn, Andreas; Eggersdorfer, Manfred; Kerlikowsky, Felix.
In: NUTRIENTS, Vol. 17, No. 24, 3890, 12.12.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Hahn, A, Eggersdorfer, M & Kerlikowsky, F 2025, 'What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition', NUTRIENTS, vol. 17, no. 24, 3890. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17243890
Hahn, A., Eggersdorfer, M., & Kerlikowsky, F. (2025). What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition. NUTRIENTS, 17(24), Article 3890. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17243890
Hahn A, Eggersdorfer M, Kerlikowsky F. What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition. NUTRIENTS. 2025 Dec 12;17(24):3890. doi: 10.3390/nu17243890
Hahn, Andreas ; Eggersdorfer, Manfred ; Kerlikowsky, Felix. / What Is a Vitamin? Towards a Contemporary Definition. In: NUTRIENTS. 2025 ; Vol. 17, No. 24.
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