Utilizing oxygen from green hydrogen production in wastewater treatment plant aeration: A techno-economic analysis

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Original languageEnglish
Article number100254
JournalAdvances in Applied Energy
Volume20
Early online date1 Nov 2025
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2025

Abstract

The growing demand for green hydrogen is driving the expansion of water electrolysis. The resulting oxygen byproduct offers potential added value when used in sectors with high oxygen demand, such as wastewater treatment. This study investigates the techno-economic viability of using electrolysis oxygen to supplement conventional air blowers in the aeration process of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to reduce aeration costs and thereby improve the overall economics of hydrogen production. A comprehensive system model is developed, incorporating renewable electricity supply, water electrolysis, hydrogen compression, storage, and transport, as well as WWTP aeration via conventional air blowers and electrolysis oxygen. Results show that electrolysis oxygen can reduce WWTP aeration costs by up to 68%. If these cost reductions are attributed as a benefit to the hydrogen system, they correspond to hydrogen supply cost savings of up to 0.39 EUR/kgH2. However, the analysis indicates that economic viability is substantially influenced by factors such as the distance of hydrogen transport from the WWTP to the European Hydrogen Backbone feed-in point, which should not exceed 25 km, and the alignment between the scale of hydrogen production and the size of the WWTP, with cost-effective integration being particularly feasible for larger WWTPs (≥500,000 PE).

Keywords

    Aeration, Electrolysis oxygen, Green hydrogen, Sector coupling, System optimization, Techno-economic analysis, Wastewater treatment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Sustainable Development Goals

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Utilizing oxygen from green hydrogen production in wastewater treatment plant aeration: A techno-economic analysis. / Matz, Levin; Koenemann, Lukas; Brundiers, Steffen et al.
In: Advances in Applied Energy, Vol. 20, 100254, 12.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Matz L, Koenemann L, Brundiers S, Beyers I, Freyschmidt A, Bensmann A et al. Utilizing oxygen from green hydrogen production in wastewater treatment plant aeration: A techno-economic analysis. Advances in Applied Energy. 2025 Dec;20:100254. Epub 2025 Nov 1. doi: 10.1016/j.adapen.2025.100254
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abstract = "The growing demand for green hydrogen is driving the expansion of water electrolysis. The resulting oxygen byproduct offers potential added value when used in sectors with high oxygen demand, such as wastewater treatment. This study investigates the techno-economic viability of using electrolysis oxygen to supplement conventional air blowers in the aeration process of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to reduce aeration costs and thereby improve the overall economics of hydrogen production. A comprehensive system model is developed, incorporating renewable electricity supply, water electrolysis, hydrogen compression, storage, and transport, as well as WWTP aeration via conventional air blowers and electrolysis oxygen. Results show that electrolysis oxygen can reduce WWTP aeration costs by up to 68%. If these cost reductions are attributed as a benefit to the hydrogen system, they correspond to hydrogen supply cost savings of up to 0.39 EUR/kgH2. However, the analysis indicates that economic viability is substantially influenced by factors such as the distance of hydrogen transport from the WWTP to the European Hydrogen Backbone feed-in point, which should not exceed 25 km, and the alignment between the scale of hydrogen production and the size of the WWTP, with cost-effective integration being particularly feasible for larger WWTPs (≥500,000 PE).",
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T1 - Utilizing oxygen from green hydrogen production in wastewater treatment plant aeration

T2 - A techno-economic analysis

AU - Matz, Levin

AU - Koenemann, Lukas

AU - Brundiers, Steffen

AU - Beyers, Inga

AU - Freyschmidt, Arne

AU - Bensmann, Astrid

AU - Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

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KW - Electrolysis oxygen

KW - Green hydrogen

KW - Sector coupling

KW - System optimization

KW - Techno-economic analysis

KW - Wastewater treatment

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