Shear performance of damaged concrete T-beams strengthened with diagonal NSM Fe-SMA bars

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • Yu Sun
  • Jiahang Li
  • Hong Zhu
  • Zhiqiang Dong
  • Yijie Pan
  • Ligang Zhao
  • Elyas Ghafoori

Research Organisations

External Research Organisations

  • Southeast University (SEU)
  • Nanjing University
  • Ltd.
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number121116
JournalEngineering structures
Volume343
Early online date7 Aug 2025
Publication statusPublished - 15 Nov 2025

Abstract

The demand for active repair and efficient performance enhancement of concrete structures has been rapidly increasing, particularly in the area of shear strengthening, where the integration of prestressing is urgently needed. However, current prestressed shear strengthening techniques face significant challenges, including complex procedures, high friction losses, and the high cost of anchors. Fe-SMA offers a promising solution, as they can generate self-prestressing quickly through activation. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Fe-SMA bars for shear strengthening of T-beams, with a focus on the influence of different spacings, arrangements, and activation conditions. In this study, Fe-SMA bars were embedded diagonally for shear strengthening of T-beams. The results indicated that the stiffness, strength, and crack development were all enhanced. Notably, the failure mode with diagonal Fe-SMA bars strengthened beams transitioned from brittle failure to ductile failure. Compared to vertically strengthened specimens, the diagonal Fe-SMA bars were oriented such that the force and prestress directions were perpendicular to the crack propagation direction, which more closely aligned with the force characteristics of the truss-arch model. This resulted in more stable load-bearing behavior, effectively inhibiting the development of diagonal cracks. The load at which the critical shear crack developed was increased by 77 %. A comprehensive comparison of failure modes, load-displacement curves, characteristic values, and crack widths confirmed the superior performance of the diagonal Fe-SMA bars. Finally, a novel method for calculating the shear bearing capacity of T-beams strengthened with Fe-SMA bars was proposed. This method is the first to account for the self-prestressing effects of Fe-SMA reinforcement, providing a more accurate and reliable prediction of shear capacity compared to traditional methods. The theoretical values showed good agreement with experimental data, and the method was further used to predict the shear performance under various parameters, providing valuable insights for future research.

Keywords

    Concrete beam, Fe-SMA bars, Near surface mounted, Prestressing, Shear strengthening

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Shear performance of damaged concrete T-beams strengthened with diagonal NSM Fe-SMA bars. / Sun, Yu; Li, Jiahang; Zhu, Hong et al.
In: Engineering structures, Vol. 343, 121116, 15.11.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Sun Y, Li J, Zhu H, Dong Z, Pan Y, Zhao L et al. Shear performance of damaged concrete T-beams strengthened with diagonal NSM Fe-SMA bars. Engineering structures. 2025 Nov 15;343:121116. Epub 2025 Aug 7. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.121116
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abstract = "The demand for active repair and efficient performance enhancement of concrete structures has been rapidly increasing, particularly in the area of shear strengthening, where the integration of prestressing is urgently needed. However, current prestressed shear strengthening techniques face significant challenges, including complex procedures, high friction losses, and the high cost of anchors. Fe-SMA offers a promising solution, as they can generate self-prestressing quickly through activation. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Fe-SMA bars for shear strengthening of T-beams, with a focus on the influence of different spacings, arrangements, and activation conditions. In this study, Fe-SMA bars were embedded diagonally for shear strengthening of T-beams. The results indicated that the stiffness, strength, and crack development were all enhanced. Notably, the failure mode with diagonal Fe-SMA bars strengthened beams transitioned from brittle failure to ductile failure. Compared to vertically strengthened specimens, the diagonal Fe-SMA bars were oriented such that the force and prestress directions were perpendicular to the crack propagation direction, which more closely aligned with the force characteristics of the truss-arch model. This resulted in more stable load-bearing behavior, effectively inhibiting the development of diagonal cracks. The load at which the critical shear crack developed was increased by 77 %. A comprehensive comparison of failure modes, load-displacement curves, characteristic values, and crack widths confirmed the superior performance of the diagonal Fe-SMA bars. Finally, a novel method for calculating the shear bearing capacity of T-beams strengthened with Fe-SMA bars was proposed. This method is the first to account for the self-prestressing effects of Fe-SMA reinforcement, providing a more accurate and reliable prediction of shear capacity compared to traditional methods. The theoretical values showed good agreement with experimental data, and the method was further used to predict the shear performance under various parameters, providing valuable insights for future research.",
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T1 - Shear performance of damaged concrete T-beams strengthened with diagonal NSM Fe-SMA bars

AU - Sun, Yu

AU - Li, Jiahang

AU - Zhu, Hong

AU - Dong, Zhiqiang

AU - Pan, Yijie

AU - Zhao, Ligang

AU - Ghafoori, Elyas

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2025/11/15

Y1 - 2025/11/15

N2 - The demand for active repair and efficient performance enhancement of concrete structures has been rapidly increasing, particularly in the area of shear strengthening, where the integration of prestressing is urgently needed. However, current prestressed shear strengthening techniques face significant challenges, including complex procedures, high friction losses, and the high cost of anchors. Fe-SMA offers a promising solution, as they can generate self-prestressing quickly through activation. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Fe-SMA bars for shear strengthening of T-beams, with a focus on the influence of different spacings, arrangements, and activation conditions. In this study, Fe-SMA bars were embedded diagonally for shear strengthening of T-beams. The results indicated that the stiffness, strength, and crack development were all enhanced. Notably, the failure mode with diagonal Fe-SMA bars strengthened beams transitioned from brittle failure to ductile failure. Compared to vertically strengthened specimens, the diagonal Fe-SMA bars were oriented such that the force and prestress directions were perpendicular to the crack propagation direction, which more closely aligned with the force characteristics of the truss-arch model. This resulted in more stable load-bearing behavior, effectively inhibiting the development of diagonal cracks. The load at which the critical shear crack developed was increased by 77 %. A comprehensive comparison of failure modes, load-displacement curves, characteristic values, and crack widths confirmed the superior performance of the diagonal Fe-SMA bars. Finally, a novel method for calculating the shear bearing capacity of T-beams strengthened with Fe-SMA bars was proposed. This method is the first to account for the self-prestressing effects of Fe-SMA reinforcement, providing a more accurate and reliable prediction of shear capacity compared to traditional methods. The theoretical values showed good agreement with experimental data, and the method was further used to predict the shear performance under various parameters, providing valuable insights for future research.

AB - The demand for active repair and efficient performance enhancement of concrete structures has been rapidly increasing, particularly in the area of shear strengthening, where the integration of prestressing is urgently needed. However, current prestressed shear strengthening techniques face significant challenges, including complex procedures, high friction losses, and the high cost of anchors. Fe-SMA offers a promising solution, as they can generate self-prestressing quickly through activation. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Fe-SMA bars for shear strengthening of T-beams, with a focus on the influence of different spacings, arrangements, and activation conditions. In this study, Fe-SMA bars were embedded diagonally for shear strengthening of T-beams. The results indicated that the stiffness, strength, and crack development were all enhanced. Notably, the failure mode with diagonal Fe-SMA bars strengthened beams transitioned from brittle failure to ductile failure. Compared to vertically strengthened specimens, the diagonal Fe-SMA bars were oriented such that the force and prestress directions were perpendicular to the crack propagation direction, which more closely aligned with the force characteristics of the truss-arch model. This resulted in more stable load-bearing behavior, effectively inhibiting the development of diagonal cracks. The load at which the critical shear crack developed was increased by 77 %. A comprehensive comparison of failure modes, load-displacement curves, characteristic values, and crack widths confirmed the superior performance of the diagonal Fe-SMA bars. Finally, a novel method for calculating the shear bearing capacity of T-beams strengthened with Fe-SMA bars was proposed. This method is the first to account for the self-prestressing effects of Fe-SMA reinforcement, providing a more accurate and reliable prediction of shear capacity compared to traditional methods. The theoretical values showed good agreement with experimental data, and the method was further used to predict the shear performance under various parameters, providing valuable insights for future research.

KW - Concrete beam

KW - Fe-SMA bars

KW - Near surface mounted

KW - Prestressing

KW - Shear strengthening

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U2 - 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.121116

DO - 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.121116

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105012431894

VL - 343

JO - Engineering structures

JF - Engineering structures

SN - 0141-0296

M1 - 121116

ER -

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