Details
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | TC5003 1-16 |
Journal | TECTONICS |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 5 |
Publication status | Published - Oct 2004 |
Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
The collision zone of the obliquely subducting Nazca Ridge and the erosive Peruvian forearc is characterized by enhanced tectonic erosion, normal faulting, forearc uplift, and a minor indentation. We apply two three-dimensional sandbox experiments monitored by an optical particle imaging velocimetry system to decipher the spatial and temporal evolution of forearc deformation. During oblique convergence the rigid model ridge causes a wave of uplift followed by subsidence to shift along the forearc. By varying the strength of the analogue material we demonstrate that the forearc response to ridge subduction, in particular the amount and rate of uplift and wedge indentation, is controlled by the mechanical strength of the forearc. The model using the high-strength material yields results more compatible with the geological record of the Peruvian forearc. First, the modeled amount of uplift scales to ∼1.2 km in nature, which agrees with ∼1.0 km of uplift recorded by marine terraces. Second, the calibrated model uplift rate of 0.9 km/Myr is similar to the natural rate of ∼0.7 km/Myr. Third, the development of normal faults above the model ridge is in accordance with the style of faulting above the Nazca Ridge. Finally, oversteepening of the uplifted wedge and local slope failure, as observed in the experiment, has also been identified off southern Peru. A comparison between the erosive Peruvian and accretive margins emphasizes that the style of ridge-induced deformation depends on the forearc strength and crustal structure, which in turn are controlled by the long-term evolution of the margin's mass transfer regime.
Keywords
- 3-D analogue modeling, Erosive forearc, Nazca Ridge, Particle imaging velocimetry, Peruvian margin, Ridge subduction
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Geophysics
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Geochemistry and Petrology
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: TECTONICS, Vol. 23, No. 5, 10.2004, p. TC5003 1-16.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Response of the tectonically erosive south Peruvian forearc to subduction of the Nazca Ridge
T2 - Analysis of three-dimensional analogue experiments
AU - Hampel, Andrea
AU - Adam, Juergen
AU - Kukowski, Nina
PY - 2004/10
Y1 - 2004/10
N2 - The collision zone of the obliquely subducting Nazca Ridge and the erosive Peruvian forearc is characterized by enhanced tectonic erosion, normal faulting, forearc uplift, and a minor indentation. We apply two three-dimensional sandbox experiments monitored by an optical particle imaging velocimetry system to decipher the spatial and temporal evolution of forearc deformation. During oblique convergence the rigid model ridge causes a wave of uplift followed by subsidence to shift along the forearc. By varying the strength of the analogue material we demonstrate that the forearc response to ridge subduction, in particular the amount and rate of uplift and wedge indentation, is controlled by the mechanical strength of the forearc. The model using the high-strength material yields results more compatible with the geological record of the Peruvian forearc. First, the modeled amount of uplift scales to ∼1.2 km in nature, which agrees with ∼1.0 km of uplift recorded by marine terraces. Second, the calibrated model uplift rate of 0.9 km/Myr is similar to the natural rate of ∼0.7 km/Myr. Third, the development of normal faults above the model ridge is in accordance with the style of faulting above the Nazca Ridge. Finally, oversteepening of the uplifted wedge and local slope failure, as observed in the experiment, has also been identified off southern Peru. A comparison between the erosive Peruvian and accretive margins emphasizes that the style of ridge-induced deformation depends on the forearc strength and crustal structure, which in turn are controlled by the long-term evolution of the margin's mass transfer regime.
AB - The collision zone of the obliquely subducting Nazca Ridge and the erosive Peruvian forearc is characterized by enhanced tectonic erosion, normal faulting, forearc uplift, and a minor indentation. We apply two three-dimensional sandbox experiments monitored by an optical particle imaging velocimetry system to decipher the spatial and temporal evolution of forearc deformation. During oblique convergence the rigid model ridge causes a wave of uplift followed by subsidence to shift along the forearc. By varying the strength of the analogue material we demonstrate that the forearc response to ridge subduction, in particular the amount and rate of uplift and wedge indentation, is controlled by the mechanical strength of the forearc. The model using the high-strength material yields results more compatible with the geological record of the Peruvian forearc. First, the modeled amount of uplift scales to ∼1.2 km in nature, which agrees with ∼1.0 km of uplift recorded by marine terraces. Second, the calibrated model uplift rate of 0.9 km/Myr is similar to the natural rate of ∼0.7 km/Myr. Third, the development of normal faults above the model ridge is in accordance with the style of faulting above the Nazca Ridge. Finally, oversteepening of the uplifted wedge and local slope failure, as observed in the experiment, has also been identified off southern Peru. A comparison between the erosive Peruvian and accretive margins emphasizes that the style of ridge-induced deformation depends on the forearc strength and crustal structure, which in turn are controlled by the long-term evolution of the margin's mass transfer regime.
KW - 3-D analogue modeling
KW - Erosive forearc
KW - Nazca Ridge
KW - Particle imaging velocimetry
KW - Peruvian margin
KW - Ridge subduction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=11944269508&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2003TC001585
DO - 10.1029/2003TC001585
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:11944269508
VL - 23
SP - TC5003 1-16
JO - TECTONICS
JF - TECTONICS
SN - 0278-7407
IS - 5
ER -