Effect of L-arginine, L-citrulline and micronutrient supplementation on elevated triglyceride levels and metabolic syndrome severity score

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Original languageEnglish
Article number200346
JournalHuman Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume42
Early online date25 Sept 2025
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2025

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of metabolic disturbances, including elevated triglyceride (TAG) levels, obesity, and hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dietary interventions involving L-arginine (L-Arg), L-citrulline (L-Cit) and micronutrients may support numerous physiological functions and improve health during metabolic disturbances. We hypothesized that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation decreases elevated TAG levels (≥150 mg/dL) and improves metabolic health. This proof-of-principle study was an eight-week randomized double-blind intervention involving 60 obese individuals (age: 59.9 ± 7.5 years, BMI: 33.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2, TAG level: 211 ± 71.2 mg/dL). The study aimed to investigate the potential effects of L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation on TAG levels and the MetS severity score based on waist circumference (WC). After eight-weeks of supplementation, the verum group showed a significant decrease in TAG levels compared to placebo (p < 0.001), and significant reductions in LDL-C (p = 0.038), systolic blood pressure (BP) (p = 0.040), and body fat mass (p = 0.045). In contrast, no effects were observed on fasting glucose, WC or diastolic BP. Participants in the verum group showed a significant decrease in the MetS severity score (p = 0.041), suggesting an improvement in metabolic health, while those in the placebo group showed no changes. This proof-of-principle study indicate that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation may reduce TAG levels and potentially improve overall metabolic health in obese individuals with elevated TAG. Confirmatory studies are needed to substantiate these exploratory findings.

Keywords

    Hypertriglyceridemia, L-arginine and L-citrulline supplementation, Metabolic syndrome severity score, Micronutrient supplementation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Sustainable Development Goals

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Effect of L-arginine, L-citrulline and micronutrient supplementation on elevated triglyceride levels and metabolic syndrome severity score. / Kerlikowsky, Felix; Hahn, Andreas.
In: Human Nutrition and Metabolism, Vol. 42, 200346, 12.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Kerlikowsky F, Hahn A. Effect of L-arginine, L-citrulline and micronutrient supplementation on elevated triglyceride levels and metabolic syndrome severity score. Human Nutrition and Metabolism. 2025 Dec;42:200346. Epub 2025 Sept 25. doi: 10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200346
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title = "Effect of L-arginine, L-citrulline and micronutrient supplementation on elevated triglyceride levels and metabolic syndrome severity score",
abstract = "Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of metabolic disturbances, including elevated triglyceride (TAG) levels, obesity, and hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dietary interventions involving L-arginine (L-Arg), L-citrulline (L-Cit) and micronutrients may support numerous physiological functions and improve health during metabolic disturbances. We hypothesized that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation decreases elevated TAG levels (≥150 mg/dL) and improves metabolic health. This proof-of-principle study was an eight-week randomized double-blind intervention involving 60 obese individuals (age: 59.9 ± 7.5 years, BMI: 33.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2, TAG level: 211 ± 71.2 mg/dL). The study aimed to investigate the potential effects of L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation on TAG levels and the MetS severity score based on waist circumference (WC). After eight-weeks of supplementation, the verum group showed a significant decrease in TAG levels compared to placebo (p < 0.001), and significant reductions in LDL-C (p = 0.038), systolic blood pressure (BP) (p = 0.040), and body fat mass (p = 0.045). In contrast, no effects were observed on fasting glucose, WC or diastolic BP. Participants in the verum group showed a significant decrease in the MetS severity score (p = 0.041), suggesting an improvement in metabolic health, while those in the placebo group showed no changes. This proof-of-principle study indicate that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation may reduce TAG levels and potentially improve overall metabolic health in obese individuals with elevated TAG. Confirmatory studies are needed to substantiate these exploratory findings.",
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T1 - Effect of L-arginine, L-citrulline and micronutrient supplementation on elevated triglyceride levels and metabolic syndrome severity score

AU - Kerlikowsky, Felix

AU - Hahn, Andreas

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of metabolic disturbances, including elevated triglyceride (TAG) levels, obesity, and hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dietary interventions involving L-arginine (L-Arg), L-citrulline (L-Cit) and micronutrients may support numerous physiological functions and improve health during metabolic disturbances. We hypothesized that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation decreases elevated TAG levels (≥150 mg/dL) and improves metabolic health. This proof-of-principle study was an eight-week randomized double-blind intervention involving 60 obese individuals (age: 59.9 ± 7.5 years, BMI: 33.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2, TAG level: 211 ± 71.2 mg/dL). The study aimed to investigate the potential effects of L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation on TAG levels and the MetS severity score based on waist circumference (WC). After eight-weeks of supplementation, the verum group showed a significant decrease in TAG levels compared to placebo (p < 0.001), and significant reductions in LDL-C (p = 0.038), systolic blood pressure (BP) (p = 0.040), and body fat mass (p = 0.045). In contrast, no effects were observed on fasting glucose, WC or diastolic BP. Participants in the verum group showed a significant decrease in the MetS severity score (p = 0.041), suggesting an improvement in metabolic health, while those in the placebo group showed no changes. This proof-of-principle study indicate that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation may reduce TAG levels and potentially improve overall metabolic health in obese individuals with elevated TAG. Confirmatory studies are needed to substantiate these exploratory findings.

AB - Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of metabolic disturbances, including elevated triglyceride (TAG) levels, obesity, and hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dietary interventions involving L-arginine (L-Arg), L-citrulline (L-Cit) and micronutrients may support numerous physiological functions and improve health during metabolic disturbances. We hypothesized that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation decreases elevated TAG levels (≥150 mg/dL) and improves metabolic health. This proof-of-principle study was an eight-week randomized double-blind intervention involving 60 obese individuals (age: 59.9 ± 7.5 years, BMI: 33.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2, TAG level: 211 ± 71.2 mg/dL). The study aimed to investigate the potential effects of L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation on TAG levels and the MetS severity score based on waist circumference (WC). After eight-weeks of supplementation, the verum group showed a significant decrease in TAG levels compared to placebo (p < 0.001), and significant reductions in LDL-C (p = 0.038), systolic blood pressure (BP) (p = 0.040), and body fat mass (p = 0.045). In contrast, no effects were observed on fasting glucose, WC or diastolic BP. Participants in the verum group showed a significant decrease in the MetS severity score (p = 0.041), suggesting an improvement in metabolic health, while those in the placebo group showed no changes. This proof-of-principle study indicate that L-Arg, L-Cit, and micronutrient supplementation may reduce TAG levels and potentially improve overall metabolic health in obese individuals with elevated TAG. Confirmatory studies are needed to substantiate these exploratory findings.

KW - Hypertriglyceridemia

KW - L-arginine and L-citrulline supplementation

KW - Metabolic syndrome severity score

KW - Micronutrient supplementation

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U2 - 10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200346

DO - 10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200346

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105018086944

VL - 42

JO - Human Nutrition and Metabolism

JF - Human Nutrition and Metabolism

M1 - 200346

ER -

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