Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 989-999 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology |
| Volume | 120 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| Early online date | 9 Feb 2022 |
| Publication status | Published - May 2022 |
Abstract
Keywords
- Contact-Tube-to-Working-Distance, Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding, Wire and arc additive manufacturing, height step, layer wise manufacturing, Gas-metal arc welding, Layer-wise manufacturing, Contact tube to working distance, Height step
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science(all)
- Software
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanical Engineering
- Engineering(all)
- Control and Systems Engineering
- Engineering(all)
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Science Applications
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In: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 120, No. 1-2, 05.2022, p. 989-999.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection of the Contact-Tube-to-Working-Distance in Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing
AU - Hölscher, Lennart Vincent
AU - Hassel, Thomas
AU - Maier, Hans Jürgen
N1 - Funding Information: Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of this project by the Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony (MWK) – School for Additive Manufacturing SAM.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Currently Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is mainly done by planning the torch movements layer wise. The height step between the layers is derived from preliminary experiments. Small deviation in the determination of the height step can accumulate over the layers and lead to improper shielding gas conditions or a collision between torch and work piece. This makes continues process-monitoring necessary. To overcome these problems, a closed-loop layer height control strategy is beneficial. For the development of a closed-loop height control strategy, it is necessary to have knowledge of the effective height step between the layers during manufacturing. The present study focuses on the development of a sensing method, which allows users to detect the Contact-Tube-to-Working-Distance (CTWD) in WAAM. The system was developed for short-circuit mode of Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding-WAAM. The system can also provide information on whether the torch passes over weld beads crossing the weld track or other geometric irregularities existing in the z-direction. Several characteristic values of the process were detected and were matched to the actual CTWD. The accuracy of the sensing method was evaluated, and based on the measured correlation and standard deviation, the electrical resistance during short-circuit monitored the CTWD best.
AB - Currently Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is mainly done by planning the torch movements layer wise. The height step between the layers is derived from preliminary experiments. Small deviation in the determination of the height step can accumulate over the layers and lead to improper shielding gas conditions or a collision between torch and work piece. This makes continues process-monitoring necessary. To overcome these problems, a closed-loop layer height control strategy is beneficial. For the development of a closed-loop height control strategy, it is necessary to have knowledge of the effective height step between the layers during manufacturing. The present study focuses on the development of a sensing method, which allows users to detect the Contact-Tube-to-Working-Distance (CTWD) in WAAM. The system was developed for short-circuit mode of Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding-WAAM. The system can also provide information on whether the torch passes over weld beads crossing the weld track or other geometric irregularities existing in the z-direction. Several characteristic values of the process were detected and were matched to the actual CTWD. The accuracy of the sensing method was evaluated, and based on the measured correlation and standard deviation, the electrical resistance during short-circuit monitored the CTWD best.
KW - Contact-Tube-to-Working-Distance
KW - Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding
KW - Wire and arc additive manufacturing
KW - height step
KW - layer wise manufacturing
KW - Gas-metal arc welding
KW - Layer-wise manufacturing
KW - Contact tube to working distance
KW - Height step
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124529089&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00170-022-08805-0
DO - 10.1007/s00170-022-08805-0
M3 - Article
VL - 120
SP - 989
EP - 999
JO - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
JF - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
SN - 0268-3768
IS - 1-2
ER -