Chemo-mechanical characterization of hydrated calcium-hydrosilicates with coupled Raman- and nanoindentation measurements

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Authors

  • P. Stemmermann
  • K. Garbev
  • B. Gasharova
  • G. Beuchle
  • M. Haist
  • T. Divoux

External Research Organisations

  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number104582
JournalApplied geochemistry
Volume118
Early online date22 May 2020
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2020

Abstract

Celitement is a new type of cement that is based on hydraulic calcium-hydrosilicate (hCHS). It is produced by mechanochemical activation of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates (C-S-H) in a grinding process. Due to the lack of typical clinker minerals, its CaO/SiO 2 (C/S) ratio can be minimized from above 3 (as in Ordinary Portland Cement) down to 1, which significantly reduces the amount of CO 2 released during processing. The reaction kinetics of hCHS differs from that of classical clinker phases due to the presence of highly reactive silicate species, which involve silanol groups instead of pure calcium silicates and aluminates and aluminoferrites. In contrast to Portland cement, no calcium hydroxide is formed during hydration, which otherwise regulates the Ca concentration. Without the buffering role of Ca(OH) 2 the concentration of the dissolved species c(Ca 2+) and c(SiO 4 4−) and the corresponding pH must be controlled to ensure a reproducible reaction. Pure hCHS reacts isochemically with water, resulting in a C-S-H phase with the same chemical composition as a single hydration product, with a homogeneous distribution of the main elements Ca and Si throughout the sample. Here we study via nanoindentation tests, the mechanical properties of two different types of hardened pastes made out of Celitement (C/S = 1.28), with varying amounts of hCHS and variable water to cement ratio. We couple nanoindentation grids with Raman mappings to link the nanoscale mechanical properties to individual microstructural components, yielding in-depth insight into the mechanics of the mineralogical phases constituting the hardened cement paste. We show that we can identify in hardened Celitement paste both fresh C-S-H with varying density, and C-S-H from the raw material using their specific Raman spectra, while simultaneously measuring their mechanical properties. Albeit not suitable for phase identification, supplemental EDX measurements provide valuable information about the distribution of alkalis, thus further helping to understand the reaction pattern of hCHS.

Keywords

    Hydraulic calcium –hydrosilicate, Nanoindentation, Raman spectroscopy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Chemo-mechanical characterization of hydrated calcium-hydrosilicates with coupled Raman- and nanoindentation measurements. / Stemmermann, P.; Garbev, K.; Gasharova, B. et al.
In: Applied geochemistry, Vol. 118, 104582, 07.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Stemmermann P, Garbev K, Gasharova B, Beuchle G, Haist M, Divoux T. Chemo-mechanical characterization of hydrated calcium-hydrosilicates with coupled Raman- and nanoindentation measurements. Applied geochemistry. 2020 Jul;118:104582. Epub 2020 May 22. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104582
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abstract = "Celitement is a new type of cement that is based on hydraulic calcium-hydrosilicate (hCHS). It is produced by mechanochemical activation of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates (C-S-H) in a grinding process. Due to the lack of typical clinker minerals, its CaO/SiO 2 (C/S) ratio can be minimized from above 3 (as in Ordinary Portland Cement) down to 1, which significantly reduces the amount of CO 2 released during processing. The reaction kinetics of hCHS differs from that of classical clinker phases due to the presence of highly reactive silicate species, which involve silanol groups instead of pure calcium silicates and aluminates and aluminoferrites. In contrast to Portland cement, no calcium hydroxide is formed during hydration, which otherwise regulates the Ca concentration. Without the buffering role of Ca(OH) 2 the concentration of the dissolved species c(Ca 2+) and c(SiO 4 4−) and the corresponding pH must be controlled to ensure a reproducible reaction. Pure hCHS reacts isochemically with water, resulting in a C-S-H phase with the same chemical composition as a single hydration product, with a homogeneous distribution of the main elements Ca and Si throughout the sample. Here we study via nanoindentation tests, the mechanical properties of two different types of hardened pastes made out of Celitement (C/S = 1.28), with varying amounts of hCHS and variable water to cement ratio. We couple nanoindentation grids with Raman mappings to link the nanoscale mechanical properties to individual microstructural components, yielding in-depth insight into the mechanics of the mineralogical phases constituting the hardened cement paste. We show that we can identify in hardened Celitement paste both fresh C-S-H with varying density, and C-S-H from the raw material using their specific Raman spectra, while simultaneously measuring their mechanical properties. Albeit not suitable for phase identification, supplemental EDX measurements provide valuable information about the distribution of alkalis, thus further helping to understand the reaction pattern of hCHS.",
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T1 - Chemo-mechanical characterization of hydrated calcium-hydrosilicates with coupled Raman- and nanoindentation measurements

AU - Stemmermann, P.

AU - Garbev, K.

AU - Gasharova, B.

AU - Beuchle, G.

AU - Haist, M.

AU - Divoux, T.

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AB - Celitement is a new type of cement that is based on hydraulic calcium-hydrosilicate (hCHS). It is produced by mechanochemical activation of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates (C-S-H) in a grinding process. Due to the lack of typical clinker minerals, its CaO/SiO 2 (C/S) ratio can be minimized from above 3 (as in Ordinary Portland Cement) down to 1, which significantly reduces the amount of CO 2 released during processing. The reaction kinetics of hCHS differs from that of classical clinker phases due to the presence of highly reactive silicate species, which involve silanol groups instead of pure calcium silicates and aluminates and aluminoferrites. In contrast to Portland cement, no calcium hydroxide is formed during hydration, which otherwise regulates the Ca concentration. Without the buffering role of Ca(OH) 2 the concentration of the dissolved species c(Ca 2+) and c(SiO 4 4−) and the corresponding pH must be controlled to ensure a reproducible reaction. Pure hCHS reacts isochemically with water, resulting in a C-S-H phase with the same chemical composition as a single hydration product, with a homogeneous distribution of the main elements Ca and Si throughout the sample. Here we study via nanoindentation tests, the mechanical properties of two different types of hardened pastes made out of Celitement (C/S = 1.28), with varying amounts of hCHS and variable water to cement ratio. We couple nanoindentation grids with Raman mappings to link the nanoscale mechanical properties to individual microstructural components, yielding in-depth insight into the mechanics of the mineralogical phases constituting the hardened cement paste. We show that we can identify in hardened Celitement paste both fresh C-S-H with varying density, and C-S-H from the raw material using their specific Raman spectra, while simultaneously measuring their mechanical properties. Albeit not suitable for phase identification, supplemental EDX measurements provide valuable information about the distribution of alkalis, thus further helping to understand the reaction pattern of hCHS.

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KW - Nanoindentation

KW - Raman spectroscopy

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