Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 38-44 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science |
| Volume | 144 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - Jan 2019 |
Abstract
Neck shrivel is a physiological disorder of european plum (Prunus ×domestica L.) fruit, characterized by a shriveled pedicel end and a turgescent stylar end. Affected fruit are perceived as of poor quality. Little is known of the mechanistic basis of neck shrivel, but microcracking of the cuticle has been implicated. The objective of our study was to quantify transpiration through the skin surfaces of european plums with and without symptoms of neck shrivel. Cumulative transpiration increased linearly with time and was greater in the susceptible european plum cultivar Hauszwetsche Wolff with neck shrivel, compared with fruit of the same cultivar but without neck shrivel and compared with fruit of the nonsusceptible unnamed clone P5-112. Cumulative transpiration of epidermal skin segments (ES) excised from symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ from near the pedicel end exceeded that from ES excised from near the stylar end. The permeance of ES from near the pedicel end of ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ with neck shrivel (12.4 ± 2.6 × 10-4 m.s-1) exceeded that of ES from near the stylar end (2.9 ± 0.4 × 10-4 m.s-1) 4.3-fold. However, in the clone P5-112, the same difference was only 1.6-fold (1.3 ± 0.8 × 10-4 m.s-1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.3 × 10-4 m×s-1). Microscopy revealed numerous microcracks near the pedicel end of symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ fruit but markedly fewer microcracks near the stylar end. The microcracks near the pedicel end were oriented parallel to the pedicel/style axis, whereas those near the stylar end were randomly oriented. Juices extracted from near the pedicel end of susceptible cultivars had consistently more negative osmotic potentials [cS (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche -5.1 ± 0.1 MPa)] than those from near the stylar end (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche-4.0 ± 0.1 MPa) or that from fruit without symptoms of neck shrivel (e.g., for pedicel end and stylar scar regions of Doppelte Hauszwetsche-3.8 ± 0.1 vs.-3.3 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively). Our results indicate that increased transpiration through microcracks near the pedicel end may contribute to neck shrivel but that the causes of neck shrivel are likely more complex.
Keywords
- Cuticle, Microcrack, Osmotic potential, Permeance, Prunus domestica, Transpiration, Water potential
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Genetics
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Horticulture
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In: Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 144, No. 1, 01.2019, p. 38-44.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterizing Neck Shrivel in European Plum
AU - Knoche, Moritz
AU - Grimm, Eckhard
AU - Winkler, Andreas
AU - Alkio, Merianne
AU - Lorenz, Jürgen
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Neck shrivel is a physiological disorder of european plum (Prunus ×domestica L.) fruit, characterized by a shriveled pedicel end and a turgescent stylar end. Affected fruit are perceived as of poor quality. Little is known of the mechanistic basis of neck shrivel, but microcracking of the cuticle has been implicated. The objective of our study was to quantify transpiration through the skin surfaces of european plums with and without symptoms of neck shrivel. Cumulative transpiration increased linearly with time and was greater in the susceptible european plum cultivar Hauszwetsche Wolff with neck shrivel, compared with fruit of the same cultivar but without neck shrivel and compared with fruit of the nonsusceptible unnamed clone P5-112. Cumulative transpiration of epidermal skin segments (ES) excised from symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ from near the pedicel end exceeded that from ES excised from near the stylar end. The permeance of ES from near the pedicel end of ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ with neck shrivel (12.4 ± 2.6 × 10-4 m.s-1) exceeded that of ES from near the stylar end (2.9 ± 0.4 × 10-4 m.s-1) 4.3-fold. However, in the clone P5-112, the same difference was only 1.6-fold (1.3 ± 0.8 × 10-4 m.s-1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.3 × 10-4 m×s-1). Microscopy revealed numerous microcracks near the pedicel end of symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ fruit but markedly fewer microcracks near the stylar end. The microcracks near the pedicel end were oriented parallel to the pedicel/style axis, whereas those near the stylar end were randomly oriented. Juices extracted from near the pedicel end of susceptible cultivars had consistently more negative osmotic potentials [cS (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche -5.1 ± 0.1 MPa)] than those from near the stylar end (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche-4.0 ± 0.1 MPa) or that from fruit without symptoms of neck shrivel (e.g., for pedicel end and stylar scar regions of Doppelte Hauszwetsche-3.8 ± 0.1 vs.-3.3 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively). Our results indicate that increased transpiration through microcracks near the pedicel end may contribute to neck shrivel but that the causes of neck shrivel are likely more complex.
AB - Neck shrivel is a physiological disorder of european plum (Prunus ×domestica L.) fruit, characterized by a shriveled pedicel end and a turgescent stylar end. Affected fruit are perceived as of poor quality. Little is known of the mechanistic basis of neck shrivel, but microcracking of the cuticle has been implicated. The objective of our study was to quantify transpiration through the skin surfaces of european plums with and without symptoms of neck shrivel. Cumulative transpiration increased linearly with time and was greater in the susceptible european plum cultivar Hauszwetsche Wolff with neck shrivel, compared with fruit of the same cultivar but without neck shrivel and compared with fruit of the nonsusceptible unnamed clone P5-112. Cumulative transpiration of epidermal skin segments (ES) excised from symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ from near the pedicel end exceeded that from ES excised from near the stylar end. The permeance of ES from near the pedicel end of ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ with neck shrivel (12.4 ± 2.6 × 10-4 m.s-1) exceeded that of ES from near the stylar end (2.9 ± 0.4 × 10-4 m.s-1) 4.3-fold. However, in the clone P5-112, the same difference was only 1.6-fold (1.3 ± 0.8 × 10-4 m.s-1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.3 × 10-4 m×s-1). Microscopy revealed numerous microcracks near the pedicel end of symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ fruit but markedly fewer microcracks near the stylar end. The microcracks near the pedicel end were oriented parallel to the pedicel/style axis, whereas those near the stylar end were randomly oriented. Juices extracted from near the pedicel end of susceptible cultivars had consistently more negative osmotic potentials [cS (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche -5.1 ± 0.1 MPa)] than those from near the stylar end (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche-4.0 ± 0.1 MPa) or that from fruit without symptoms of neck shrivel (e.g., for pedicel end and stylar scar regions of Doppelte Hauszwetsche-3.8 ± 0.1 vs.-3.3 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively). Our results indicate that increased transpiration through microcracks near the pedicel end may contribute to neck shrivel but that the causes of neck shrivel are likely more complex.
KW - Cuticle
KW - Microcrack
KW - Osmotic potential
KW - Permeance
KW - Prunus domestica
KW - Transpiration
KW - Water potential
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065923672&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.21273/JASHS04561-18
DO - 10.21273/JASHS04561-18
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85065923672
VL - 144
SP - 38
EP - 44
JO - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science
JF - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science
SN - 0003-1062
IS - 1
ER -