Rational Design of Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents to Outperform Oxidoreductase Activity in Aqueous Media

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OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummere00986
FachzeitschriftCHEMCATCHEM
Jahrgang17
Ausgabenummer19
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 7 Okt. 2025

Abstract

Outperforming biocatalysis through nonconventional media opens new avenues in synthesis, from process intensification to industrial integration. While hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids have emerged as a promising landscape for oxidoreductases, the potential of hydrophilic DESs to rival or surpass aqueous systems remains largely underexplored. Building on findings that glycerol aids alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalysis and choline chloride hinders it, this study designs enzyme-friendly glycerol-based DESs using betaine and sarcosine at varied ratios and water contents. Consistently, a higher glycerol fraction (mol:mol, 1:8) contributed to a stronger stabilizing effect on ADHs, and betaine emerged as the most favorable component, followed by sarcosine and choline chloride. Enzyme thermostability improved in Bet-Gly and Sar-Gly, though activity was lower in all hydrophilic DESs; Bet-Gly (1:8) with 80% buffer showed the best performance. Encouragingly, the enzyme's specific activity for the cyclohexanone reduction outperformed that observed in the pure buffer, and the optimal eutectic conditions of Bet-Gly (1:8) and Sar-Gly (1:8) with 60 vol.% buffer outperformed the pure buffer system in cinnamaldehyde reduction (a more industrially-sound reaction). This study advances DES research and aids in the design of DESs for redox biocatalysis in hydrophilic media.

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Rational Design of Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents to Outperform Oxidoreductase Activity in Aqueous Media. / Zhang, Ningning; Schwarz, Estelle; Bittner, Jan Philipp et al.
in: CHEMCATCHEM, Jahrgang 17, Nr. 19, e00986, 07.10.2025.

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungPeer-Review

Zhang N, Schwarz E, Bittner JP, Jakobtorweihen S, Smirnova I, de María PD et al. Rational Design of Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents to Outperform Oxidoreductase Activity in Aqueous Media. CHEMCATCHEM. 2025 Okt 7;17(19):e00986. doi: 10.1002/cctc.202500986
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abstract = "Outperforming biocatalysis through nonconventional media opens new avenues in synthesis, from process intensification to industrial integration. While hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids have emerged as a promising landscape for oxidoreductases, the potential of hydrophilic DESs to rival or surpass aqueous systems remains largely underexplored. Building on findings that glycerol aids alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalysis and choline chloride hinders it, this study designs enzyme-friendly glycerol-based DESs using betaine and sarcosine at varied ratios and water contents. Consistently, a higher glycerol fraction (mol:mol, 1:8) contributed to a stronger stabilizing effect on ADHs, and betaine emerged as the most favorable component, followed by sarcosine and choline chloride. Enzyme thermostability improved in Bet-Gly and Sar-Gly, though activity was lower in all hydrophilic DESs; Bet-Gly (1:8) with 80% buffer showed the best performance. Encouragingly, the enzyme's specific activity for the cyclohexanone reduction outperformed that observed in the pure buffer, and the optimal eutectic conditions of Bet-Gly (1:8) and Sar-Gly (1:8) with 60 vol.% buffer outperformed the pure buffer system in cinnamaldehyde reduction (a more industrially-sound reaction). This study advances DES research and aids in the design of DESs for redox biocatalysis in hydrophilic media.",
keywords = "Alcohol dehydrogenases, Hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents, Kinetics, Redox biocatalysis, Thermostability",
author = "Ningning Zhang and Estelle Schwarz and Bittner, {Jan Philipp} and Sven Jakobtorweihen and Irina Smirnova and {de Mar{\'i}a}, {Pablo Dom{\'i}nguez} and Selin Kara",
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T1 - Rational Design of Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents to Outperform Oxidoreductase Activity in Aqueous Media

AU - Zhang, Ningning

AU - Schwarz, Estelle

AU - Bittner, Jan Philipp

AU - Jakobtorweihen, Sven

AU - Smirnova, Irina

AU - de María, Pablo Domínguez

AU - Kara, Selin

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). ChemCatChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

PY - 2025/10/7

Y1 - 2025/10/7

N2 - Outperforming biocatalysis through nonconventional media opens new avenues in synthesis, from process intensification to industrial integration. While hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids have emerged as a promising landscape for oxidoreductases, the potential of hydrophilic DESs to rival or surpass aqueous systems remains largely underexplored. Building on findings that glycerol aids alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalysis and choline chloride hinders it, this study designs enzyme-friendly glycerol-based DESs using betaine and sarcosine at varied ratios and water contents. Consistently, a higher glycerol fraction (mol:mol, 1:8) contributed to a stronger stabilizing effect on ADHs, and betaine emerged as the most favorable component, followed by sarcosine and choline chloride. Enzyme thermostability improved in Bet-Gly and Sar-Gly, though activity was lower in all hydrophilic DESs; Bet-Gly (1:8) with 80% buffer showed the best performance. Encouragingly, the enzyme's specific activity for the cyclohexanone reduction outperformed that observed in the pure buffer, and the optimal eutectic conditions of Bet-Gly (1:8) and Sar-Gly (1:8) with 60 vol.% buffer outperformed the pure buffer system in cinnamaldehyde reduction (a more industrially-sound reaction). This study advances DES research and aids in the design of DESs for redox biocatalysis in hydrophilic media.

AB - Outperforming biocatalysis through nonconventional media opens new avenues in synthesis, from process intensification to industrial integration. While hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on fatty acids have emerged as a promising landscape for oxidoreductases, the potential of hydrophilic DESs to rival or surpass aqueous systems remains largely underexplored. Building on findings that glycerol aids alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalysis and choline chloride hinders it, this study designs enzyme-friendly glycerol-based DESs using betaine and sarcosine at varied ratios and water contents. Consistently, a higher glycerol fraction (mol:mol, 1:8) contributed to a stronger stabilizing effect on ADHs, and betaine emerged as the most favorable component, followed by sarcosine and choline chloride. Enzyme thermostability improved in Bet-Gly and Sar-Gly, though activity was lower in all hydrophilic DESs; Bet-Gly (1:8) with 80% buffer showed the best performance. Encouragingly, the enzyme's specific activity for the cyclohexanone reduction outperformed that observed in the pure buffer, and the optimal eutectic conditions of Bet-Gly (1:8) and Sar-Gly (1:8) with 60 vol.% buffer outperformed the pure buffer system in cinnamaldehyde reduction (a more industrially-sound reaction). This study advances DES research and aids in the design of DESs for redox biocatalysis in hydrophilic media.

KW - Alcohol dehydrogenases

KW - Hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents

KW - Kinetics

KW - Redox biocatalysis

KW - Thermostability

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DO - 10.1002/cctc.202500986

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JO - CHEMCATCHEM

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