TY - JOUR

T1 - Innovative Strategies for Observations in the Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ISOBAR) - The Hailuoto 2017 Campaign

AU - Kral, Stephan T.

AU - Reuder, Joachim

AU - Vihma, Timo

AU - Suomi, Irene

AU - O'Connor, Ewan

AU - Kouznetsov, Rostislav

AU - Wrenger, Burkhard

AU - Rautenberg, Alexander

AU - Urbancic, Gabin

AU - Jonassen, Marius O.

AU - Båserud, Line

AU - Maronga, Björn

AU - Mayer, Stephanie

AU - Lorenz, Torge

AU - Holtslag, Albert A.M.

AU - Steeneveld, Gert Jan

AU - Seidl, Andrew

AU - Müller, Martin

AU - Lindenberg, Christian

AU - Langohr, Carsten

AU - Voss, Hendrik

AU - Bange, Jens

AU - Hundhausen, Marie

AU - Hilsheimer, Philipp

AU - Schygulla, Markus

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by Norges Forskningsråd (the Research Council of Norway) grant number [251042/F20] and [277770]. Funding Information: Acknowledgments: The Hailuoto-I campain was integral part of the ISOBAR project funded by the Research Council of Norway (RCN) under the FRINATEK scheme (project number: 251042/F20). The scanning wind LIDAR system (Leosphere WindCube 100S) has been made available via the National Norwegian infrastructure project OBLO (Offshore Boundary Layer Observatory) also funded by RCN (project number: 277770). The authors are grateful to Anak Bhandari for all the help and assistance in the preparation of and clean-up after the campaign and the organization of the transport of all equipment. Special thanks is given to Hannu, Sanna and Pekka from Hailuodon Majakkapiha for the provision of all required logistics, their hospitality, and the fantastic food that was essential to keep the spirit during the campaign up. Finally we would like to dedicate this article to our colleague, Zbig Sorbjan, who passed away on February 19 while the Hailuoto campaign was running. His ideas and enthusiasm were a driving force and steady motivation during the application process for ISOBAR, and, for sure, one important factor for getting the funding finally approved. We will miss his knowledge and expertise for the analysis of the collected data during the next years.

PY - 2018/7

Y1 - 2018/7

N2 - The aim of the research project "Innovative Strategies for Observations in the Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ISOBAR)" is to substantially increase the understanding of the stable atmospheric boundary layer (SBL) through a combination of well-established and innovative observation methods as well as by models of different complexity. During three weeks in February 2017, a first field campaign was carried out over the sea ice of the Bothnian Bay in the vicinity of the Finnish island of Hailuoto. Observations were based on ground-based eddy-covariance (EC), automatic weather stations (AWS) and remote-sensing instrumentation as well as more than 150 flight missions by several different Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during mostly stable and very stable boundary layer conditions. The structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and above could be resolved at a very high vertical resolution, especially close to the ground, by combining surface-based measurements with UAV observations, i.e., multicopter and fixed-wing profiles up to 200magl and 1800magl, respectively. Repeated multicopter profiles provided detailed information on the evolution of the SBL, in addition to the continuous SODAR and LIDAR wind measurements. The paper describes the campaign and the potential of the collected data set for future SBL research and focuses on both the UAV operations and the benefits of complementing established measurement methods by UAV measurements to enable SBL observations at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.

AB - The aim of the research project "Innovative Strategies for Observations in the Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ISOBAR)" is to substantially increase the understanding of the stable atmospheric boundary layer (SBL) through a combination of well-established and innovative observation methods as well as by models of different complexity. During three weeks in February 2017, a first field campaign was carried out over the sea ice of the Bothnian Bay in the vicinity of the Finnish island of Hailuoto. Observations were based on ground-based eddy-covariance (EC), automatic weather stations (AWS) and remote-sensing instrumentation as well as more than 150 flight missions by several different Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during mostly stable and very stable boundary layer conditions. The structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and above could be resolved at a very high vertical resolution, especially close to the ground, by combining surface-based measurements with UAV observations, i.e., multicopter and fixed-wing profiles up to 200magl and 1800magl, respectively. Repeated multicopter profiles provided detailed information on the evolution of the SBL, in addition to the continuous SODAR and LIDAR wind measurements. The paper describes the campaign and the potential of the collected data set for future SBL research and focuses on both the UAV operations and the benefits of complementing established measurement methods by UAV measurements to enable SBL observations at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.

KW - Arctic

KW - Boundary layer remote sensing

KW - Ground-based in-situ observations

KW - Polar

KW - Remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS)

KW - Sea ice

KW - Stable atmospheric boundary layer

KW - Turbulence

KW - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050220801&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/atmos9070268

DO - 10.3390/atmos9070268

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85050220801

VL - 9

JO - Atmosphere

JF - Atmosphere

SN - 2073-4433

IS - 7

M1 - 268

ER -